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Consumer control of the establishment of marsh foundation plants in intertidal mudflats

机译：消费者控制潮间带滩涂沼泽地基植物的建立

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摘要

The establishment of foundation plants in bare mudflats is a critical process. While consumers are increasingly recognized to exert strong top-down control of plant performance in salt marshes, studies to date have focused on the effects of consumers on mature stands rather than on plants that are recolonizing after disturbance or where restoration has occurred. Furthermore, whether consumer-facilitated fungal infection differentially affects newly establishing plants in mudflats compared to mature stands remains poorly understood. In a salt marsh in southern Brazil, we examined the effects of herbivory by the crab Neohelice granulata and fungal infection on the survival and growth of Spartina alterniflora transplanted into mudflats. We additionally tested the effects of herbivory and fungi on newly established versus well-established stands of S. alterniflora. Highly intensive natural crab herbivory significantly reduced the development of S. alterniflora and increased its fungal infection by 50%. Light herbivory, removing only small areas of plant leaves, reduced the height growth and leaf production of directly affected tillers by about 14 to 18%, and both newly and well-established, clonally integrated stands of S. alterniflora allocated energy towards the formation of new tillers. While herbivory facilitated fungal infection and subsequent fungal damage in leaves, no significant effects of fungicide treatment or its interactions with crab grazing on S. alterniflora growth were detected, suggesting a saprophytic rather than a pathogenic role of fungi in this 3-species interaction. Here, we found that marsh grasses transplanted for restoration or those colonizing disturbance-generated mudflats may be facilitated by protection against consumers.
机译：在裸露的滩涂中建立地基植物是关键过程。尽管人们越来越认识到消费者在盐沼中对植物的生长性能具有强烈的自上而下的控制能力，但迄今为止，研究集中在消费者对成熟林分的影响上，而不是对扰乱后或恢复后重新定殖的植物。此外，与成熟林相比，消费者促进的真菌感染是否会不同地影响泥滩中新近建立的植物。在巴西南部的盐沼中，我们研究了蟹新螺旋藻和食草真菌对食草植物互生互花米草存活和生长的食草作用。我们还测试了食草动物和真菌对新建立的互花米草和成熟互花米草的影响。高强度天然蟹类食草植物显着降低了互花米链球菌的生长，并使其真菌感染增加了50％。轻食草仅除去小面积的植物叶片，使直接受影响的分ers的高度生长和叶片产量降低了约14％至18％，新近建立的成熟互生的互花米草分枝将能量分配给叶片形成。新的分till。虽然食草促进了叶片的真菌感染和随后的真菌破坏，但未检测到杀真菌剂处理或其与螃蟹放牧对互生链球菌生长的显着影响，这表明真菌在这3种相互作用中具有腐生作用而不是致病作用。在这里，我们发现针对消费者的保护可能会促进为恢复而移植的沼泽草或因干扰而产生的泥滩的定殖。

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  • 来源
    《Marine ecology progress series》 |2016年第7期|79-89|共11页
  • 作者

    Freitas Ricardo F.; Schrack Elizabeth C.; He Qiang; Silliman Brian R.; Furlong Eliana B.; Telles Annie C.; Costa Cesar S. B.;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Fed Rio Grande, Lab Biotecnol Halofitas, Inst Oceanog, Ave Italia,Km 08, BR-96203900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil;

    Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Div Marine Sci & Conservat, 135 Duke Marine Lab Rd, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA;

    Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Div Marine Sci & Conservat, 135 Duke Marine Lab Rd, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA;

    Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Div Marine Sci & Conservat, 135 Duke Marine Lab Rd, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA;

    Univ Fed Rio Grande, Lab Micotoxinas & Ciencia Alimentos, Escola Quim & Alimentos, Ave Italia,Km 08, BR-96203900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil;

    Univ Fed Rio Grande, Lab Micotoxinas & Ciencia Alimentos, Escola Quim & Alimentos, Ave Italia,Km 08, BR-96203900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil;

    Univ Fed Rio Grande, Lab Biotecnol Halofitas, Inst Oceanog, Ave Italia,Km 08, BR-96203900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Top-down control; Herbivory; Spartina alterniflora; Fungal infection;

    机译：自上而下控制;食草动物;互花米草;真菌感染;

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