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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology progress series >Spatial patterns in activity of leopard seals Hydrurga leptonyx in relation to sea ice
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Spatial patterns in activity of leopard seals Hydrurga leptonyx in relation to sea ice

机译：豹海豹Hydrurga leptonyx的活动与海冰的空间格局

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Rapid changes to climate in the western Antarctic Peninsula region over the last 50 yr, which have led to decreases in the extent and duration of sea ice, are likely to have significant impacts upon the Antarctic ecosystem as a whole. Understanding the behaviour of higher trophic level animals occupying these regions is important, as they may be indicators of changes in prey availability and food-web structure. Leopard seals Hydrurga leptonyx are important components of the Antarctic ecosystem, because they are widespread and adapted to consuming prey at a range of trophic levels. They rely on sea ice for breeding, moulting and as a resting platform. Using tracks of 12 leopard seals, we calculated first-passage times (indicative of the intensity of area-restricted behaviour) and quantified relative habitat use, including both foraging and resting areas, using Cox proportional hazard models, in relation to coastline, bathymetry and sea ice. We also correlated monthly home range size with monthly sea-ice extent. We found that when sea-ice extent was low, leopard seals were restricted to coastal habitat, but that this effect was lost when sea-ice extent was greater. This was supported by the finding that leopard seal home range size decreased as the sea-ice extent decreased. Since leopard seals and other animals that consume krill are likely to be increasingly limited by sea-ice cover if the warming trend continues, we suggest that the krill fishery be restricted to offshore areas to avoid conflict with krill predators.
机译：在过去的50年中，南极半岛西部地区气候的快速变化已导致海冰范围和持续时间的减少，这有可能对整个南极生态系统产生重大影响。了解占据这些区域的高营养级别动物​​的行为很重要，因为它们可能是猎物可用性和食物网结构变化的指标。豹海豹Hydrurga leptonyx是南极生态系统的重要组成部分，因为它们广泛存在并适合在各种营养级别食用猎物。它们依靠海冰进行繁殖，换羽和作为休息平台。使用12头豹海豹的足迹，我们使用Cox比例风险模型计算了首次穿越时间（指示区域限制行为的强度）并量化了相对栖息地的使用情况，包括觅食和休息区的使用，涉及海岸线，水深和海冰。我们还将月度房屋范围大小与月度海冰范围相关联。我们发现，当海冰范围较低时，豹海豹仅限于沿海栖息地，但是当海冰范围较大时，这种影响就会消失。豹海豹家园范围的大小随海冰范围的减小而减小，这证明了这一点。如果继续变暖趋势，由于豹海豹和其他食用磷虾的动物可能会越来越受到海冰覆盖的限制，因此我们建议将磷虾渔业限制在近海地区，以避免与磷虾捕食者发生冲突。

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