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Eco(2): a simple index of economic-ecological deficits

机译：生态（2）：经济生态赤字的简单指数

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We present the first joint analysis of the ecological-financial deficits of nations and develop a simple index, the Eco(2) index, which is useful in ranking the combined ecological and financial performance of countries. This index includes information on ecological and financial deficits, trade surplus and gross domestic product (GDP) to evaluate the potential impacts of ecological deficits on the overall economic performance of countries. Results show an ongoing trend towards increased ecological deficits, as natural resources are 'traded' for financial gain. We argue that countries cannot run large financial deficits forever without negative economic consequences and that globally, it is likewise impossible to ignore our global ecological deficit in the long run. Ecological deficits can only be temporarily and partially addressed by incurring financial costs through imports, bounded by available resource surpluses of other nations and the fact that some of these services are place-specific. Ultimately, ecological deficits jeopardize ecosystem functions, energy sources and the food security of nations, with direct implications for human well-being.
机译：我们提出了对国家生态金融赤字的首次联合分析，并开发了一个简单的指数Eco（2）指数，该指数可用于对各国的综合生态和金融绩效进行排名。该指数包括有关生态和财政赤字，贸易顺差和国内生产总值（GDP）的信息，以评估生态赤字对国家总体经济绩效的潜在影响。结果表明，随着自然资源被“交易”以获取经济利益，生态赤字不断增加的趋势。我们认为，没有负面的经济后果，各国就不可能永远维持巨额的财政赤字；从全球范围来看，从长远来看，同样不可能忽视我们的全球生态赤字。生态赤字只能通过进口产生的财务成本，由其他国家的可用资源过剩以及其中某些服务因地而异的事实来暂时和部分解决。最终，生态赤字危及生态系统功能，能源和国家的粮食安全，直接影响人类的福祉。

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