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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology progress series >Effects of shear stress and hard clams on seston, microphytobenthos, and nitrogen dynamics in mesocosms with tidal resuspension
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Effects of shear stress and hard clams on seston, microphytobenthos, and nitrogen dynamics in mesocosms with tidal resuspension

机译：剪切应力和硬蛤对潮汐重悬的中膜的血清，藻类和氮动态的影响

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摘要

To test the interacting effects of hard clams Mercenaria mercenaria and bottom shear stress on nutrient- and ecosystem dynamics, we performed a 4 wk experiment in six 1000 1 shear turbulence resuspension mesocosms (STURM). Three tanks each contained 50 hard clams (RC set-up), and 3 tanks had no clams (R set-up). All tanks contained defaunated muddy sediment and estuarine water and had similar water column turbulence intensities (～1 cm s~(-1)), energy dissipation rates (～0.08 cm~2 s~(-3)), and tidal cycles (4 h mixing on and 2 h off). The same high instantaneous bottom stress (0.35 to 0.4 Pa) was applied to all tanks during the mixing-on cycles. Hard clams in interaction with high bottom shear stress initially destabilized the sediments and increased seston levels to ～200 mg I~(-1) in the RC tanks during the mixing-on cycles. Over time, seston concentrations declined in the RC tanks until they reached levels similar to the R tanks of ～60 mg I~(-1). Bivalve feeding in the RC tanks significantly reduced phytoplankton biomass and shifted the phytoplank-ton community structure to Chlorophyceae/Prasinophytes. Nutrient (particulate phosphorus, nitrogen, and carbon, dissolved inorganic nitrogen, nitrate + nitrite, phosphate) concentrations were significantly enhanced in the RC tanks, mediated by high sediment resuspension and bivalve excretion. A brown tide organism, Aureococcus anophageffeiens, bloomed in 2 of 3 RC tanks. Bivalve feeding and light limitation reduced microphytobenthos biomass in the RC tanks. Micro-phytobenthos biomass was low overall but significantly higher in the R tanks. Phytoplankton abundance, microphytobenthos biomass, seston concentrations, and nitrogen dynamics were significantly affected by interactions between hard clams and bottom shear stress.
机译：为了测试硬壳蛤cen和底切应力对养分和生态系统动力学的相互作用，我们在六个1000 1切变湍流再悬浮中膜（STURM）中进行了4 wk实验。三个坦克各装有50个硬蛤（RC设置），而三个坦克没有蛤（R设置）。所有水箱都装有去污的泥泞沉积物和河口水，水柱湍流强度（〜1 cm s〜（-1）），能量耗散率（〜0.08 cm〜2 s〜（-3））和潮汐周期相似（4） h混合，然后关闭2 h）。在混合循环过程中，对所有储罐都施加了相同的高瞬时瞬时底部应力（0.35至0.4 Pa）。在混合循环中，硬蛤与高底部切应力的相互作用最初使沉积物不稳定，并使RC罐中的硒含量增加至〜200 mg I〜（-1）。随着时间的流逝，RC罐中的硒浓度逐渐下降，直到达到与R罐相似的水平为止，约为60 mg I〜（-1）。在RC储罐中双壳类动物的摄食显着减少了浮游植物的生物量，并使浮游植物的群落结构转移到了绿藻科/草生植物。 RC储罐中的营养物（微粒磷，氮和碳，溶解的无机氮，硝酸盐+亚硝酸盐，磷酸盐）浓度显着提高，这是由于高沉积物重悬和双壳类动物排泄所致。在3个RC储罐中的2个中，出现了一种褐色的潮汐生物，即嗜藻性金黄色葡萄球菌。双壳类动物的摄食和光限制减少了RC池中的微底栖生物量。总体上，微型底栖动物的生物量较低，但在R罐中明显较高。硬壳蛤和底切应力之间的相互作用对浮游植物的丰度，微底栖生物量，精矿浓度和氮动力学有显着影响。

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