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Feeding relationships among fishes in shallow sandy areas in relation to stocking of Japanese flounder

机译：浅沙区鱼类与日本比目鱼的放养关系

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Juvenile Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus inhabit shallow sandy areas and consume chiefly mysids. Hatchery-reared P. olivaceus (ca. 100 mm in total length) released in stock enhancement programs also consume mysids. To examine whether stocking is implemented within the available carrying capacity, we assessed the feeding relationships among fishes, based on the stomach contents of fishes collected off the coast of Fukushima, Japan. Similarity in diet suggested that 10 species, particularly the poacher Occella iburia and nibe croaker Nibea mit-sukurii were potential competitors of P. olivaceus juveniles for food. Large inter-annual variability in the abundance of these competitors was observed, suggesting variability in their consumption of mysids. The predominant mysid Orientomysis mitsukurii was abundant every year, and growth rates of wild P. olivaceus, estimated from otolith microstructure, were mostly high (>1 mm d~(-1)), even in the year when wild P. olivaceus were highly abundant. In our statistical model, abundance of mysids and consumption of mysids by fishes significantly affected the growth rates of wild P. olivaceus but only accounted for a small proportion (i.e. explained 2.2 and 2.4% of variance, respectively) of the total compared to the body size of juveniles (30.0 %) and bottom water temperature (4.5%). These results suggest that the productivity of mysids is usually high enough to support the production of mysid consumers, but exceptionally high abundances of wild P. olivaceus or other competitors can reduce the available carrying capacity. In such a situation, stocking should be restricted so as not to reduce productivity of wild fishes.
机译：日本小比目鱼Paralichthys olivaceus栖息在浅沙区，主要消费类胡萝卜素。孵化场饲养的程序中孵化的富勒氏疟原虫（全长约100毫米）也消耗了类麻痹症。为了检查是否在可用的承载力范围内进行放养，我们根据日本福岛沿岸收集的鱼类的胃液含量评估了鱼类之间的摄食关系。饮食上的相似性表明，有10种物种，特别是偷猎者Occella iburia和易北河黄花鱼Nibea mit-sukurii是潜在的食品运动对虾。观察到这些竞争者的丰度存在较大的年际变化，这表明他们的类固醇消耗量存在变化。每年主要的myidid mitsukurii丰富，从耳石的显微结构估计，野生P. olivaceus的生长率大多很高（> 1 mm d〜（-1）），即使在野生P. olivaceus高度的年份也是如此。丰富。在我们的统计模型中，鱼类体内大量的象鼻虫和对虾的消耗显着影响了野生橄榄对虾的生长速度，但仅占总数的一小部分（即分别解释为变异的2.2％和2.4％）幼鱼的大小（30.0％）和底水温度（4.5％）。这些结果表明，芥子的生产力通常足够高，足以支持芥子消费者的生产，但野生果蝇或其他竞争者的异常丰富会降低可用的承载能力。在这种情况下，应限制放养，以免降低野生鱼类的生产力。

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