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Effects of small, Fijian community-based marine protected areas on exploited reef fishes

机译：斐济以社区为基础的小型海洋保护区对已开发珊瑚礁鱼类的影响

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摘要

No-take marine protected areas (MPAs) are commonly applied in community-based management schemes to sustain and enhance coral-reef fisheries. However, many MPAs in Fiji and the South Pacific are relatively small (<1 km~2), and few data exist regarding the effects of these MPAs on populations of exploited species. We used hook-and-line fishing surveys to assess whether 4 relatively small (< 1 km~2) community-based MPAs in Fiji (3 current, 1 former) were providing any commonly sought benefits to exploited reef-fish stocks. All of the MPAs had maintained no-take status for over 4 yr, although the former MPA was opened to fishing 4 mo before this study. The current MPAs exhibited significantly greater catch and biomass per unit effort, individual fish biomass, and/or percentage of reproductive-size fish than paired, adjacent fished areas, while this was not the case with the former MPA. Sites with intact MPAs also exhibited greater catch diversity than the former MPA site. Additionally, tag and recapture data from the 17 recaptured of 2650 tagged fish suggest site fidelity of these fishes, although fishes initially captured in the MPA at all 4 sites were later caught in fished areas, indicating that there is movement of fishes from the MPAs to fished areas. While the combination of these findings supports the utility of even relatively small MPAs as effective tools for the conservation of certain target species, it also suggests that MPA benefits may be quickly depleted and that even closures of extended duration may be insufficient for long-term fisheries management if the MPAs are not maintained.
机译：在基于社区的管理计划中通常采用不带捕捞的海洋保护区，以维持和加强珊瑚礁渔业。但是，斐济和南太平洋的许多MPA相对较小（<1 km〜2），关于这些MPA对被开发物种种群的影响的数据很少。我们使用钩钓技术进行调查，以评估斐济有4个相对较小（<1 km〜2）的社区海洋保护区（目前为3个，以前为1个）是否为开发的礁鱼种群提供了通常寻求的利益。尽管前MPA在本研究之前已开放捕捞4个月，但所有MPA都保持了4年以上的无捕捞状态。当前的海洋保护区显示出每单位工作量的捕捞量和生物量，单鱼生物量和/或繁殖大小鱼的百分比明显高于成对的相邻渔区，而前海洋保护区则并非如此。具有完整MPA的地点也比以前的MPA地点表​​现出更大的捕获多样性。此外，从最初捕获的2650条带标签的鱼中捕获和捕获的数据中的17条，表明这些鱼的部位保真度，尽管最初在所有4个地点的MPA中捕获的鱼后来都在捕捞区被捕获，这表明鱼从MPA移向捕鱼区。这些发现的结合支持甚至相对较小的海洋保护区作为保护某些目标物种的有效工具的效用，但它也表明海洋保护区的益处可能会很快耗尽，即使长期关闭也无法满足长期渔业的需要。如果不维护MPA，则进行管理。

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  • 来源
    《Marine ecology progress series》 |2012年第8期|p.233-243|共11页
  • 作者

    Cody Clements; Victor Bonito; Rikki Grober-Dunsmore; Milika Sobey;

  • 作者单位

    School of Marine Studies, & Environmental Sciences, University of the South Pacific, Laucala Campus, Suva, Fiji,School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA;

    Reef Explorer Fiji Ltd., Votua Village, Box 183, Korolevu, Fiji;

    Institute of Applied Science, & Environmental Sciences, University of the South Pacific, Laucala Campus, Suva, Fiji,National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary, 299 Foam Street, Monterey, California 93940, USA;

    School of Biological, Chemical, & Environmental Sciences, University of the South Pacific, Laucala Campus, Suva, Fiji;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    resource management; coral reefs; locally managed marine areas; tag-recapture; conservation; fiji;

    机译：资源管理;珊瑚礁;当地管理的海域;标签捕获;保护;斐济;

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