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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology progress series >Multi-year study of the effects of Ulva sp. blooms on eelgrass Zostera marina
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Multi-year study of the effects of Ulva sp. blooms on eelgrass Zostera marina

机译：对Ulva sp。影响的多年研究。盛开在鳗草Zostera码头上

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Macroalgal blooms have contributed to declines in foundation species such as corals and seagrasses across the globe. Most studies of macroalgal bloom effects on seagrasses focus on the short-term effects, and have been conducted in locations that already begun the shift to macroalgal dominance, usually due to eutrophication. Our goal was to determine the degree to which the timing and magnitude of ephemeral, green macroalgal blooms (Ulva sp.) vary in Bodega Bay, California, USA, where there is little evidence for eutrophication, and how such blooms affect eelgrass Zostera marina. Over 38 mo, we conducted (1) an unmanipulated control treatment, and 3 manipulative treatments: (2) Ulva removal, (3) ambient Ulva, and (4) double-ambient Ulva ('2×'). We observed 4 blooms of varying magnitude and duration, ranging from <0.5 to > 4 kg m~(-2). It was only during the largest bloom in 2006 (peak density 8 times that of the smallest observed bloom) that we saw a significant effect on eelgrass, resulting in declines in shoot density of >50 % that persisted for 4 to 6 mo. During this time, the 2× treatment reduced shoot biomass by up to 90%, an effect that persisted for up to 9 mo. Ulva did not affect rates of individual shoot growth, reproductive shoot density, epiphyte load, or sediment organic content at any time during the experiment, suggesting the effect occurs through shoot mortality and reduced shoot production. Interannual variation in the magnitude timing and duration of algal blooms is large and can dramatically alter the effects of blooms on eelgrass. These factors must be considered when interpreting the results of experimental algal additions.
机译：大型藻类的大量繁殖导致全球珊瑚和海草等基础物种的减少。大多数关于海藻的藻类大量繁殖效应的研究都集中在短期效应上，并且已经在通常由于富营养化而开始转变为巨藻优势的地区进行了研究。我们的目标是确定在美国加利福尼亚的博德加湾，短暂的绿色大型藻类花序（Ulva sp。）的发生时间和大小变化的程度，那里鲜有富营养化的证据，以及此类花序如何影响鳗gra带叶藻（Zostera marina）。在38个月以上的时间里，我们进行了（1）未操纵的对照处理和3种操纵处理：（2）切除Ulva，（3）周围Ulva和（4）双环境Ulva（'2×'）。我们观察到4种水华，水华的大小和持续时间各不相同，范围从<0.5到> 4 kg m〜（-2）。只是在2006年最大的开花期间（峰值密度是观察到的最小开花的8倍），我们才对鳗草产生了显着影响，导致芽密度下降了50％以上，并持续了4至6个月。在这段时间内，2倍处理可将枝条生物量最多减少90％，这种效果可持续9个月。在试验过程中的任何时候，Ulva均不会影响个体枝条的生长速度，生殖枝条密度，附生植物负荷或沉积物中的有机物含量，这表明这种效应是通过枝条死亡率和降低枝条产量而发生的。藻华的数量级时间和持续时间的年际变化很大，并且可以显着改变藻华对鳗草的影响。在解释实验性藻类添加的结果时必须考虑这些因素。

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