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Understanding population dynamics of a numerically dominant species at hydrothermal vents: a matrix modeling approach

机译：了解热液喷口处数字优势物种的种群动态：矩阵建模方法

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摘要

Using a stage-based matrix model, we explored the population dynamics and life-history traits of the numerically dominant deep-sea limpet Lepetodrilus fucensis at hydrothermal vents on the Juan de Fuca Ridge, northeast Pacific, to determine the potential mechanisms for the success of this species in an ephemeral and variable ecosystem. The life-history traits of L. fucensis differed from those generally expected for species in fluctuating and unpredictable habitats, in that variation in survival of recruits had the largest effect on population growth, while perturbations in adult survival or fecundity had little influence. However, rapid individual growth rates were also necessary to achieve long-term population growth. The modeled stable stage distribution adequately represented the dynamics of settler and recruit stages, but did not match those of adult stages, in populations sampled from 3 different sites. This suggests that factors not accounted for within the model, such as changing individual behaviour across life stages in response to environmental stimuli, may be important in shaping the structure of L. fucensis populations in different microhabitats. In numerical experiments, density-dependent survival and growth of settlers resulted in fluctuations in population growth rate and suppressed total population size over time. Reproductive failure due to parasitic infection decreased local recruitment, but did not result in population extinction. Faster growth rates allowed for population persistence under greater levels of chronic disturbance. Recovery time after a catastrophic disturbance fit within the time frames observed for eruptions in nature. Overall, our analyses emphasize the possible variation in life-history tactics exhibited by organisms in extreme and variable habitats, and demonstrate the high potential of models, originally developed for use in other ecosystems, to accelerate research in deep-sea communities.
机译：使用基于阶段的矩阵模型，我们研究了东北太平洋胡安德富卡岭热液喷口处数值上占优势的深海帽贝类的种群动态和生活史特征，以确定成功的潜在机制。这个物种处于短暂而多变的生态系统中。福克梭菌的生活史特征与在动荡和不可预测的生境中物种普遍预期的特征不同，因为新兵的生存变化对人口增长影响最大，而对成年生存或繁殖力的影响很小。但是，要实现长期人口增长，也必须要有快速的个人增长率。在从3个不同地点采样的人群中，建模的稳定阶段分布足以代表定居者和募集阶段的动态，但与成年阶段的动态不匹配。这表明该模型中未考虑的因素，例如响应环境刺激改变整个生命阶段的个体行为，可能对塑造不同微生境中的岩藻种群的结构很重要。在数值实验中，定居者的密度依赖性生存和生长导致人口增长率波动，并随着时间的推移抑制了总人口规模。由于寄生虫感染导致的生殖衰竭减少了局部募集，但并未导致种群灭绝。较快的增长速度使人口在长期慢性干扰水平较高的情况下得以持久。灾难性扰动后的恢复时间符合自然界爆发的时间范围。总体而言，我们的分析强调了极端和多变生境中生物体所表现出的生命历史策略的可能变化，并证明了最初为其他生态系统使用而开发的模型具有极大的潜力，可以促进深海社区的研究。

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