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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology progress series >Life On The Margin: Implications Of Oceanacidification On Mg-calcite, High Latitude And cold-water Marine Calcifiers
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Life On The Margin: Implications Of Oceanacidification On Mg-calcite, High Latitude And cold-water Marine Calcifiers

机译：边缘生存：海洋酸化对方解石，高纬度和冷水海洋钙化剂的影响

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摘要

Future anthropogenic emissions of CO_(2) and the resulting ocean acidification may have severe consequences for marine calcifying organisms and ecosystems. Marine calcifiers depositing calcitic hard parts that contain significant concentrations of magnesium, i.e. Mg-calcite, and calcifying organisms living in high latitude and/or cold-water environments are at immediate risk to ocean acidification and decreasing seawater carbonate saturation because they are currently immersed in seawater that is just slightly supersaturated with respect to the carbonate phases they secrete. Under the present rate of CO_(2) emissions, model calculations show that high latitude ocean waters could reach undersaturation with respect to aragonite in just a few decades. Thus, before this happens these waters will be undersaturated with respect to Mg-calcite minerals of higher solubility than that of aragonite. Similarly, tropical surface seawater could become undersaturated with respect to Mg-calcite minerals containing >12 mole percent (mol%) MgCO_(3) during this century. As a result of these changes in surface seawater chemistry and further penetration of anthropogenic CO_(2) into the ocean interior, we suggest that (1) the magnesium content of calcitic hard parts will decrease in many ocean environments, (2) the relative proportion of calcifiers depositing stable carbonate minerals, such as calcite and low Mg-calcite, will increase and (3) the average magnesium content of carbonate sediments will decrease. Furthermore, the highest latitude and deepest depth at which cold-water corals and other calcifiers currently exist will move towards lower latitudes and shallower depth, respectively. These changes suggest that anthropogenic emissions of CO_(2) may be currently pushing the oceans towards an episode characteristic of a 'calcite sea.'
机译：未来人为排放的CO_（2）和由此引起的海洋酸化可能对海洋钙化生物和生态系统造成严重后果。海洋钙化石沉积含有高浓度镁的钙质硬质部分（即Mg-方解石），而生活在高纬度和/或冷水环境中的钙化生物则面临海洋酸化和降低海水碳酸盐饱和度的直接风险，因为它们目前已浸入水中海水所分泌的碳酸盐相略微过饱和。在目前的CO_（2）排放速率下，模型计算表明，相对于文石，高纬度海洋水可能在短短几十年内达到饱和状态。因此，在这种情况发生之前，相对于文石溶解度更高的Mg-方解石矿物，这些水将不饱和。同样，在本世纪中，相对于含MgCO_（3）> 12摩尔％（mol％）的Mg方解石矿物，热带地表海水可能会变得不饱和。由于这些表面海水化学变化以及人为CO_（2）进一步渗透到海洋内部的结果，我们建议（1）在许多海洋环境中钙质坚硬部分的镁含量将降低，（2）相对比例沉积稳定的碳酸盐矿物（例如方解石和低镁方解石）的钙化矿的数量将增加，并且（3）碳酸盐沉积物的平均镁含量将下降。此外，目前存在冷水珊瑚和其他钙化石的最高纬度和最深深度将分别向较低纬度和较浅深度移动。这些变化表明，人为排放的CO_（2）目前可能将海洋推向“方解石海”的特征期。

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