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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology progress series >Grazer-controlled recruitment of the introduced Sargassum muticum (Phaeophyceae, Fucales) in northern Europe
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Grazer-controlled recruitment of the introduced Sargassum muticum (Phaeophyceae, Fucales) in northern Europe

机译：在北欧由Grazer控制的引入的Sargassum muticum（Phaeophyceae，Fucales）的招募

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Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt was introduced to European coasts during the 1970s. We studied survival and growth of seeded S. muticum germlings in field experiments on the southwestern coast of Norway, close to its present northernmost limit of distribution in Europe. A cage experiment was conducted twice (using different starting densities of germlings) at 2 localities during the summer and autumn of 2002, each experiment lasting 1 mo. Germling survival was significantly higher within grazer-excluding cages than on unprotected substrate. Germlings within cage controls (cages accessible to mesograzers) experienced intermediate mortality, which was nevertheless closer to that of unprotected than to cage-protected germlings. At a third locality, survival of unprotected germlings was recorded from September 2000 to February 2001, and only 0.6% of the germlings had survived by February. When relating proportion of mortality to initial density of germlings, we found no tendency of positive density-dependent mortality; on the contrary, on the substrate where grazers had access to the germlings, there was a tendency for high mortality when initial density was low and lower mortality when initial density was high. This suggests a 'swamping' effect of high germling densities on grazers. The growth of germlings during autumn and winter was very low compared with earlier reported measurements from Spain, and we suggest that relatively slow growth rates may make the germlings vulnerable to grazing impact. The results indicate that herbivorous grazing on early post-settlement stage germlings may be a limiting factor for the spread of S. muticum in southwestern Norway.
机译：Sargassum muticum（Yendo）Fensholt在1970年代引入欧洲沿海。我们在挪威西南海岸，接近其目前在欧洲最北端的分布极限的田间试验中，研究了粘液链球菌种苗的存活和生长。在2002年夏季和秋季，在2个地方进行了两次笼子试验（使用不同的幼苗起始密度），每次试验持续1个月。除草食者的笼子中的成虫存活率显着高于未保护的基质。笼内对照（中型放牧者可接近的笼）内的发芽经历了中等程度的死亡，尽管如此，与笼子保护的种苗相比，该死亡率更接近未受保护的种。在第三个地方，记录了从2000年9月到2001年2月未受保护的种苗的存活，到2月，只有0.6％的种苗存活了。当将死亡率的比例与种苗的初始密度联系起来时，我们没有发现密度依赖性死亡率呈正向的趋势。相反，在放牧者可以接触种苗的基质上，当初始密度低时，死亡率较高，而当初始密度高时，死亡率较低。这表明高种苗密度对放牧者产生了“沼泽”效应。与西班牙先前报告的测量值相比，秋冬季的幼苗生长非常低，我们建议相对缓慢的生长速度可能会使幼苗容易受到放牧的影响。结果表明，在定居后早期的幼草期进行草食性放牧可能是限制鼠疫菌在挪威西南部传播的限制因素。

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