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Satellite measurements of cyanobacterial bloom frequency in the Baltic Sea: interannual and spatial variability

机译：卫星测量波罗的海蓝藻水华发生频率：年际和空间变化

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Owing to the potentially harmful character of nitrogen-fixing filamentous cyanobacterial blooms in the Baltic Sea, a capacity to predict their occurrence is of interest. We quantified the surface accumulations of cyanobacteria, mainly Nodularia spumigena, using ocean colour satellite data. The spatial and temporal frequency of the accumulations was mapped with an automated detection algorithm, using their high reflectance in the 670 or 555 nm bands. Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) data were used for a first period (1979 to 1984), and combined SeaWiFS and MODIS-Aqua data for a second period (1998 to 2006). The frequency of cyanobacterial accumulations (FCA) for each 1 km~2 pixel was calculated as the ratio of scenes with detected cyanobacteria to the number of valid cloud-free scenes in July-August. FCA varied greatly among years and the basins of the Baltic Sea. Mean FCA was 39% higher in the second period, but the increase was not statistically significant. The mean FCA for the whole Baltic was positively correlated with the residual phosphate (RP) concentration after the spring bloom in May-June. RP was a useful predictor of FCA in the coming summer, but could not predict the spatial pattern of the bloom. This was better explained by prevailing winds, with high FCA in the southwestern Baltic after northerly winds in July. It seems that, at the time of writing, useful FCA predictions can be made after the spring bloom, but only for the whole Baltic.
机译：由于波罗的海固氮丝状蓝细菌花蕾的潜在有害特性，因此预测其发生的能力受到关注。我们使用海洋彩色卫星数据量化了蓝细菌（主要是Spodgenia蓝藻）的表面积累。利用其在670或555 nm波段的高反射率，通过自动检测算法绘制了累积物的时空频率。在第一阶段（1979年至1984年）使用了沿海地带彩色扫描仪（CZCS）数据，在第二阶段（1998年至2006年）使用了SeaWiFS和MODIS-Aqua数据的组合。计算每1 km〜2像素的蓝细菌累积频率（FCA），作为检测到蓝细菌的场景与7月至8月有效无云场景数量之比。多年来，FCA与波罗的海盆地之间的差异很大。在第二阶段，平均FCA升高了39％，但增加幅度没有统计学意义。 5月至6月春季开花后，整个波罗的海的平均FCA与残留磷酸盐（RP）浓度呈正相关。 RP是即将到来的夏季FCA的有用预测因子，但无法预测开花的空间格局。用盛行风可以更好地解释这一点，在7月北风之后，波罗的海西南部的FCA较高。看来，在撰写本文时，可以在春季开花后做出有用的FCA预测，但仅适用于整个波罗的海。

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