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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology progress series >Prey-switching by Cassin's auklet Ptychoramphus aleuticus reveals seasonal climate-related cycles of Euphausia pacifica and Thysanoessa spinifera
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Prey-switching by Cassin's auklet Ptychoramphus aleuticus reveals seasonal climate-related cycles of Euphausia pacifica and Thysanoessa spinifera

机译：卡辛​​的Auklet Ptychoramphus aleuticus进行的猎物转换揭示了与季节相关的环太平洋大戟和Thysanoessa spinifera的循环

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Euphausia pacifica and Thysanoessa spinifera comprise a substantial proportion of the diet of Cassin's auklet Ptychoramphus aleuticus in the Gulf of the Farallones, California. Ocean climate variability has been linked to fluctuations in euphausiid abundance and life-history parameters. We tested the hypothesis that seasonal patterns of prey use by auklets correspond to within-season variation in upwelling and sea surface temperature (SST), by comparing the proportion (by number) of E. pacifica and T. spinifera in auklet diet samples obtained during the chick-rearing period to SST and an upwelling index (UI) over 11 years. We found that the proportion of E. pacifica adults in auklet diet decreased over the chick-rearing period, and increased with increasing UI and decreasing SST. We detected curvature in the relationship between adult E, pacifica and UI, with E. pacifica increasing to a point and decreasing thereafter. T. spinifera in auklet diet showed an increase over the chick-rearing period, but no relationships were detected with UI or SST. Mass of individual adult E. pacifica increased with increasing UI and decreasing SST. We detected moderate curvature in the relationship between mass of individual adult T. spinifera and SST. The proportion of E, pacifica juveniles in auklet diet did not change seasonally and was not related to UI or SST, while the proportion of T. spinifera juveniles in auklet diet increased seasonally and with increases in UI. Seasonal changes in the ingestion of euphausiids by auklets appeared to be affected by ocean climate variability; however, prey-selection via a shift in foraging location or competition with other marine predators are alternative valid explanations. This study highlighted the utility of using top marine predators to sample prey availability, thereby complementing traditional net sampling procedures for determining the distribution and abundance of euphausiids in marine systems.
机译：在加利福尼亚州法拉洛内斯湾，卡斯汀的红松虾（Ptychoramphus aleuticus）的饮食中，太平洋紫杉（Euphausia pacifica）和Thysanoessa spinifera占很大比例。海洋气候的变异性与锦鲤的丰度和生活史参数的波动有关。我们通过比较在捕捞过程中获得的虾类食物中太平洋大肠埃希菌和棘突棘的比例（按数量计），检验了这样的假设，即小虾使用的季节性捕食模式对应于上升和海面温度（SST）的季节内变化。到SST的雏鸡饲养期和11年以上的上升指数（UI）。我们发现，在小鸡饲养期间，在小鸡饲粮中太平洋大肠埃希菌成虫的比例下降，并且随着UI的增加和SST的降低而增加。我们检测到成年E，太平洋和UI之间关系的曲率，其中太平洋E.上升到一个点，然后下降。 Auklet饮食中的棘孢菌在雏鸡饲养期间显示出增加，但未发现与UI或SST相关。随着UI的增加和SST的降低，成年太平洋大肠杆菌的质量也随之增加。我们检测到成人成年棘突虫质量与SST之间关系的中等弯曲。虾的日粮中E，太平洋幼鱼的比例没有季节性变化，且与UI或SST无关，而虾的日粮中的棘生丝锥幼虫的比例随季节增加且UI增加。 a鱼摄食金黄色葡萄球菌的季节性变化似乎受海洋气候变化的影响。然而，通过改变觅食地点或与其他海洋捕食者竞争来进行猎物选择是另一种有效的解释。这项研究强调了使用顶级海洋捕食者对猎物可利用性进行采样的实用性，从而补充了传统的净采样程序，用于确定海洋系统中虾类的分布和数量。

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