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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology progress series >Recolonization of soft-sediment ice scours on an exposed Arctic coast
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Recolonization of soft-sediment ice scours on an exposed Arctic coast

机译：北极裸露海岸上软沉积冰冲刷的重新定殖

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Ice scour is the most disruptive and widespread physical disturbance that naturally affects the coastal benthos in polar waters, where it creates a mosaic of disturbances in various stages of recolonization. The purpose of this study was to (1) determine the timing and sequence of biotic recovery following ice scour disturbance of soft sediment and (2) test the general hypothesis that ice scour increases biotic diversity in high-latitude benthic communities. The study area was a 6.6 km length of Barrow Strait along the exposed coast of Cornwallis Island in High Arctic Canada. Core-collected (0.0075 m~2) macrofauna (≥ 0.5 mm) inhabiting 19 scours at 12 to 28 m depth were sampled during open water in August of 1991 to 1996 and again in 1999. We repeat-sampled 2 scours for 6 summers, 3 scours for 3 summers, and 2 for 2 summers, while the other 12 scours were sampled once. Sampling was severely limited by availability of open water which was constrained by frequent invasion of the study area by drift ice. Young ice scours were refugia for the dorvilleid polychaete Ophry-otrocha spatula. Its numbers declined precipitously as the scours aged. Other early colonists maintained or increased their abundance. Most of the later colonists significantly increased in abundance as the scours aged despite the presence of the early colonists. Abundance, biomass and species richness increased progressively with scour ageing but did not significantly exceed that in the unsecured community. Thus, although the scours differed from the unsecured reference community in species composition, they were not havens for species-rich or highly different assemblages (at least not among core-collected macrofauna). Recolonization of ice scours ≤ 9 yr old fitted a linear model. Assuming that further colonization would continue to be linear, the 2 scours monitored the longest had achieved 65 to 84 % recolonization by Ages 8 to 9. The unsecured reference community was significantly more diverse, massive and abundant where disturbance was a chronic but infrequent occurrence, compared to where it was protected from ice scour by an offshore rise. Thus, ice scour appears to have a positive effect on the benthos of this coast.
机译：冰激淋是破坏力最大，分布最广的自然干扰，自然会影响极地水域的沿海底栖生物，在重新定殖的各个阶段中，冰激凌会形成一系列干扰。这项研究的目的是（1）确定冰冲刷扰动软沉积物后生物恢复的时间和顺序，以及（2）检验冰冲刷增加高纬度底栖生物群落生物多样性的一般假设。研究区域是加拿大高北极地区沿康沃利斯岛裸露海岸的巴罗海峡长6.6公里。在1991年8月至1996年以及1999年的开阔水域中，对栖息在12至28 m深度的19座冲刷的岩心采集（0.0075 m〜2）大型动物（≥0.5 mm）进行了采样。我们在6个夏季重复采样了2冲刷， 3个夏季3次冲刷，2个夏季2个冲刷，而其他12个冲刷采样一次。采样受到开放水供应的严重限制，而开放水的可用性受到流冰频繁侵入研究区域的限制。年轻的冰刷是多维尔多毛cha Ophry-otrocha锅铲的避难所。随着时间的推移，它的数量急剧下降。其他早期的殖民者维持或增加了他们的数量。尽管早期的殖民者在场，但随着时间的推移，大多数后来的殖民者的数量都显着增加。随着冲刷老化，丰度，生物量和物种丰富度逐渐增加，但没有明显超过无抵押社区的情况。因此，尽管这些冲刷在物种组成上与无担保参考群落不同，但它们并不是物种丰富或差异很大的组合的避风港（至少在核心采集的大型动物中没有）。 ≤9岁的冰沙的再定殖符合线性模型。假设进一步的殖民化将继续是线性的，到8到9岁，监测的两次冲刷时间最长，已经实现了65％到84％的重新定殖。在长期但很少发生扰动的情况下，无抵押的参考社区则更加多样化，庞大且丰富，相比之下，海上上升保护了该地区免受冰冻冲刷。因此，冰激淋似乎对该海岸的底栖生物有积极影响。

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