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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology progress series >Can field distributions of marine predacious nematodes be explained by sediment constraints on their foraging success?
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Can field distributions of marine predacious nematodes be explained by sediment constraints on their foraging success?

机译：海洋捕食性线虫的野外分布能否通过沉积对它们觅食成功的限制来解释？

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Factors controlling field distributions of benthic infauna remain poorly understood. Eno-ploides longispiculosus is a prominent predacious nematode in sandy sediments of the North Sea and adjacent estuaries. This study assesses the distribution of E. longispiculosus and of prey nematodes in an intertidal flat (the Paulina) relative to variation in sediment characteristics. Predator densities varied strongly, even between sites with only subtle differences in sediment composition. E. longispiculosus abundances were positively correlated with grain size, proportion of fine sand and emersion period during low tides, and negatively with silt, very fine sand content and prey densities. We then tested whether and how grain size, silt content and water content affected predation rates and prey selectivity in E. longispiculosus using microcosm experiments with 2 prey species. Each of these sediment characteristics per se strongly affected predation efficiency but not selectivity. Increases in silt fraction and decreases in grain size and water content strongly reduced predation rate. These effects compared exceptionally well with the range of silt contents and grain sizes in which E. longispiculosus is abundant on the Paulina tidal flat, suggesting that its field distribution is governed at least in part by sedimentary effects on foraging efficiency. Sediment water content also impacted predation rates; however, its effect did not follow a pattern predicted by field data on emersion time. Hence, even small shifts in sediment composition may strongly affect the activity of predacious nematodes, and both temporal and small-scale spatial variability in sediment characteristics likely affects predator-prey dynamics on tidal flats.
机译：底层底栖动物场分布的控制因素仍然知之甚少。 Eno-ploides longispiculosus是在北海和邻近河口的沙质沉积物中一个重要的捕食线虫。这项研究评估了潮间带（宝琳娜）中的长脊线虫和捕食线虫相对于沉积物特征变化的分布。捕食者的密度变化很大，即使在沉积物组成仅有微小差异的地点之间也是如此。 E. longispiculosus丰度与谷粒大小，细沙比例和退潮时期呈正相关，与淤泥，极细沙含量和猎物密度呈负相关。然后，我们使用2种被捕食物种的缩影实验，测试了晶粒大小，淤泥含量和水分含量是否以及如何影响捕食率和对E. longispiculosusus的猎物选择性。这些沉积物特征本身都强烈影响捕食效率，但没有选择性。淤泥分数的增加以及晶粒尺寸和水含量的降低都大大降低了捕食率。这些效应与保利纳（Paulina）潮滩上长大肠埃希菌（E. longispiculosus）丰富的粉沙含量和晶粒度范围相比非常好，这表明其田间分布至少部分受沉积对觅食效率的影响。沉积物水含量也影响捕食率。但是，其效果并未遵循现场数据在出现时间上预测的模式。因此，即使沉积物组成的微小变化也可能强烈影响捕食性线虫的活动，沉积物特征的时间和小范围空间变异都可能影响滩涂上捕食者-猎物的动态。

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