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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology progress series >Segregation of foraging between two sympatric penguin species: does rate maximisation make the difference?
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Segregation of foraging between two sympatric penguin species: does rate maximisation make the difference?

机译：两种同伴企鹅物种之间觅食的隔离：速率最大化是否有所不同？

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摘要

Macaroni Eudyptes chrysolophus and gentoo Pygoscelis papua penguins occur sym-patrically at Bird Island (54° 00' S, 38° 02' W), South Georgia, and have a similar diet. Macaroni penguins forage at shallower depths and further from the island than gentoo penguins. We tested the hypothesis that differences in the optimal foraging behaviour at the level of individual dives help to explain this ecological foraging segregation. Using a rate maximising diving model, we predicted that macaroni penguins would obtain more energy per dive cycle than gentoo penguins only when they used patches shallower than 30 to 40 m. This prediction was supported by observations of actual dive depths. We conclude that different foraging efficiencies at different depths results in each species being differentially sensitive to the vertical distribution of prey in the water column. We suggest that differing capacities to exploit natural heterogeneity in the distribution of prey has an important role in maintaining these 2 species as sympatric predators of a common resource.
机译：通心粉Eudyptes chrysolophus和gentoo Pygoscelis papua企鹅在南乔治亚州的伯德岛（54°00'S，38°02'W）同生发生，饮食相似。通心粉企鹅的食味比金戈企鹅更浅，离岛更远。我们检验了以下假设，即个体潜水水平上最佳觅食行为的差异有助于解释这种生态觅食的隔离。使用最大化速率的潜水模型，我们预测通心粉企鹅仅在使用深度小于30至40 m的斑块时，才能比gentoo企鹅获得更多的能量。这一预测得到了实际潜水深度的观察的支持。我们得出结论，不同深度的不同觅食效率导致每个物种对水柱中猎物的垂直分布有不同的敏感性。我们建议，在猎物分布中利用自然异质性的不同能力在维持这两个物种作为共同资源的同伴掠食者方面具有重要作用。

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