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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology progress series >Domoic acid accumulation in the sardine Sardina pilchardus and its relationship to Pseudo-nitzschia diatom ingestion
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Domoic acid accumulation in the sardine Sardina pilchardus and its relationship to Pseudo-nitzschia diatom ingestion

机译：沙丁鱼沙丁鱼中的海藻酸积累及其与拟南芥硅藻摄入的关系

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摘要

Planktivorous fish are key potential vectors for the phycotoxin domoic acid (DA), produced naturally by diatoms from the genus Pseudo-nitzschia. The diet of the Atlantic sardine Sardina pilchardus is largely dominated in number by microplanktonic species such as chain-forming diatoms, making the accumulation of this toxin and its transfer to the higher trophic levels likely. DA concentration in sardine tissues and Pseudo-nitzschia ingestion were monitored fortnightly during 2002 and 2003 off the NW coast of Portugal, where seasonal upwelling events are responsible for the occurrence of algal blooms. Sardine stomach content analysis showed that Pseudo-nitzschia prey reached concentrations as high as 7.8 x 10~6 cells g~(-1); in some cases this diatom genus represented more than 99% of the phytoplanktonic prey identified in the stomachs. Four different diatom species were distinguished using scanning electron microscopy (SEM): P. australis, P, pungens, P. pseudodel-icatissima and P. delicatissima. DA accumulation in sardines was linearly dependent on P. australis consumption. Toxin content per individual cell was estimated by comparing DA and P. australis concentrations in the stomach contents. DA production by P. australis was significantly higher in the summer months than during the spring. In both years, DA in sardine guts was initially detected in May and peaked several times until late summer. Toxin distribution in the different tissues was also determined, with the highest DA levels detected in the intestine. The maximum toxin concentration observed in sardine guts was 128.5 μg DA g~(-1). No DA was found in the sardine muscle; consequently implications for human health appear minimal.
机译：浮游鱼类是植物毒素藻酸（DA）的重要潜在载体，藻酸藻酸是伪拟南芥属的硅藻天然产生的。大西洋沙丁鱼Sardina pilchardus的饮食在数量上主要由微浮游物种控制，例如成链的硅藻，使这种毒素的积累和向更高营养级的转移成为可能。沙特丁鱼组织中的DA浓度和假性奈瑟菌的摄入在2002年至2003年的两周内都在葡萄牙西北海岸附近进行了监测，季节性上升事件是造成藻华的原因。沙丁鱼胃内容物分析表明，拟南芥猎物的浓度高达7.8 x 10〜6细胞g〜（-1）。在某些情况下，该硅藻属占胃中所确定的浮游植物猎物的99％以上。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）区分了四种不同的硅藻物种：澳洲假单胞菌，P，刺鼻猴，假拟真假单胞菌和美味假单胞菌。沙丁鱼中的DA积累线性地依赖于澳大利亚假单胞菌的消耗。通过比较胃内容物中DA和澳大利亚假单胞菌的浓度来估算每个细胞的毒素含量。在夏季，澳大利亚假单胞菌产生的DA明显高于春季。在这两年中，沙丁鱼肠道中的DA最初都在5月份被检测到，直到夏季末才达到峰值。还确定了不同组织中的毒素分布，在肠中检测到了最高的DA水平。沙丁鱼肠中的最大毒素浓度为128.5μgDA g〜（-1）。在沙丁鱼肌肉中未发现任何DA。因此，对人类健康的影响似乎很小。

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