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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology progress series >Understanding differential patterns in coral reef recovery: chronic hydrodynamic disturbance as a limiting mechanism for coral colonization
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Understanding differential patterns in coral reef recovery: chronic hydrodynamic disturbance as a limiting mechanism for coral colonization

机译：了解珊瑚礁恢复中的不同模式：长期的水动力扰动是珊瑚定居的限制机制

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Coral reefs are subject to numerous physical disturbances, and post-disturbance coral recovery potential depends on subsequent re-colonization of impacted habitat. We examined divergent recovery trajectories at 2 proximal reefs disturbed by ship groundings that resulted in clearly delineated areas of altered substrate. Post-disturbance measurements of coral recruitment, survival, and changes in community structure were made approximately annually from 2009-2013 in undisturbed reference areas as well as disturbed pavement and rubble areas. Despite similar initial physical disturbances, there were marked differences between sites, with higher coral recruitment and survival on disturbed pavement than rubble bottom, reference reef, or restoration structures. Subsequent episodic disturbances from rubble mobilization could be a mechanism driving the divergent recovery patterns. To estimate whether local hydrodynamic conditions were sufficient to mobilize rubble, we used a combination of long-term monitoring, hydrodynamic modeling, and rubble transport mechanics to hindcast the potential for substrate mobility. Long-term model simulations of hydrodynamic forcing at the study sites showed multiple events where bottom-orbital velocities exceeded thresholds required to mobilize rubble via sliding or overturning. Our analyses indicate that wave energy mobilizes rubble substrate multiple times annually and suggests a physical limitation on survival of coral recruits relative to those on pavement substrate. Continued mobilizations may establish a positive feedback loop in which continued rubble clast mobilizations cause additional mechanical erosion or breakage and a shift to smaller rubble sizes that would subsequently mobilize at a lower level of hydrodynamic forcing and thus become subject to more frequent and sustained disturbances. The combination of multiple hydrodynamic disturbances and unstable substrate limits coral recovery and thus contributes to prolonged habitat loss.
机译：珊瑚礁受到许多物理干扰，扰动后珊瑚的恢复潜力取决于随后对受影响栖息地的重新定殖。我们检查了两个近端礁石的发散恢复轨迹，这些礁石受船底干扰，清楚地划定了被蚀变基质的区域。从2009年至2013年，大约每年在未受干扰的参考区域以及受干扰的人行道和瓦砾区对珊瑚的募集，存活和社区结构变化进行骚扰后测量。尽管最初的物理干扰相似，但站点之间仍存在明显差异，与瓦砾底部，参考礁石或恢复结构相比，受干扰路面上的珊瑚招募和存活率更高。瓦砾动员引起的随后的突发性干扰可能是驱动不同恢复模式的一种机制。为了估计当地的水动力条件是否足以动员碎石，我们结合了长期监测，水动力模型和碎石运输机制，来预测基质迁移的潜力。在研究地点进行的水动力强迫的长期模型模拟表明，多次发生的事件中，底轨道速度超过了通过滑动或倾覆动员瓦砾所需的阈值。我们的分析表明，波浪能每年多次动员碎石基层，这表明相对于路面基层，新兵的生存受到了物理限制。持续的动员可能会建立一个积极的反馈回路，其中持续的瓦砾碎屑动员会导致额外的机械侵蚀或破坏，并转移到较小的瓦砾尺寸，随后会在较低的水动力强迫下进行动员，从而变得更加频繁和持续。多种水动力干扰和不稳定的基质的结合限制了珊瑚的恢复，因此导致了栖息地的长期丧失。

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