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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology progress series >Sediment selection: range-expanding fiddler crabs are better burrowers than their historic-range counterparts
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Sediment selection: range-expanding fiddler crabs are better burrowers than their historic-range counterparts

机译：沉积物选择：范围扩大的跳刀螃蟹比他们的历史范围同行更好

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摘要

Climate change plays a large role in driving species range shifts; however, the physical characteristics of an environment can also influence and alter species distributions. In New England salt marshes, the mud fiddler crab Minuca pugnax is expanding its range north of Cape Cod, MA, into the Gulf of Maine (GoM) due to warming waters. The burrowing lifestyle of M. pugnax means sediment compaction in salt marshes may influence the ability of crabs to dig, with more compact soils being resistant to burrowing. Previous studies indicate that salt marshes along the GoM have a higher sediment compaction relative to marshes south of Cape Cod. Physical characteristics of this habitat may be influencing the burrowing performance of M. pugnax and therefore the continuation of their northward range expansion into the GoM. We conducted a controlled laboratory experiment to determine if compaction affects the burrowing activity of M. pugnax in historical and range-expanded populations. We manipulated sediment compaction in standardized lab assays and measured crab burrowing performance with individuals collected from Nantucket (NAN, i.e. historical range) and the Plum Island Estuary (PIE, i.e. expanded range). We determined compaction negatively affected burrowing ability in crabs from both sites; however, crabs from PIE have a higher probability of burrowing in higher sediment compactions than NAN crabs. In addition, PIE crabs were more likely to burrow overall. We conclude that site level differences in compaction are likely altering burrowing behavior in the crab's expanded-range territory by way of local adaptation or phenotypic plasticity.
机译：气候变化在驾驶物种范围内发挥着重要作用;然而，环境的物理特征也可以影响和改变物种分布。在新英格兰盐沼地中，由于温暖的水域，泥笛螃蟹Minuca Pugnax正在扩展其北部鳕鱼的北部北部的缅因州（GOM）的范围。 M. Pugnax的挖掘生活方式意味着盐沼的沉积物压实可能会影响螃蟹挖掘的能力，具有更紧凑的土壤抵抗钻孔。以前的研究表明，沿着GOM的盐沼具有相对于海角鳕鱼南部的沼泽地的沉积物压实。这种栖息地的物理特征可能会影响M. Pugnax的挖掘性能，从而继续将其向北扩展到GOM。我们进行了一个受控实验室实验，以确定压实是否影响历史和范围扩展的人群中M. Pugnax的穴居活动。我们在标准化实验室测定中操纵沉积物压实，并测量从楠塔基特（南，即历史范围）和梅花岛河口收集的个体的螃蟹穴居表现（馅饼，即扩建范围）。我们确定压缩来自两个地点的螃蟹中的负面影响;然而，来自饼的螃蟹具有比南蟹在更高沉积物的腐蚀概率更高。此外，馅饼螃蟹更有可能整体挖洞。我们得出结论，压实的现场水平差异可能通过局部适应或表型可塑性改变螃蟹扩展范围地区的挖掘行为。

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