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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology >Can nearshore seabirds detect variability in juvenile fish distribution at scales relevant to managing marine protected areas?
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Can nearshore seabirds detect variability in juvenile fish distribution at scales relevant to managing marine protected areas?

机译：近岸海鸟能否以与管理海洋保护区有关的规模检测幼鱼分布的变化性？

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Juvenile recruitment is an important determinant of change within marine protected areas (MPAs). Understanding spatio-temporal variability in recruitment rates will help managers set realistic expectations for rates of population and community level change within individual MPAs. Here we ask whether seabird foraging rates can be used as a proxy for juvenile fish recruitment at spatial scales relevant to MPA management. We investigated the foraging rates of six piscivorous seabirds inside and outside of three island and four mainland MPAs in Southern California and compared these rates to estimates of juvenile fish density from kelp forest surveys conducted at the same sites during the same 2years (2012 and 2013). Juvenile fish communities at island and mainland sites were dominated by three families, Embiotocidae, Labridae and Pomacentridae, in both years. Additionally, there was an influx of young-of-the-year rockfishes (family Sebastidae) at most sites in 2013. Seabird and fish distributions were similar at the regional (approximately 15-30km) scale, but less similar at the site-specific scale. Site-specific differences reflected differences in the diet and foraging habits of individual seabird species. While fish surveys were specific to the kelp forest habitat, seabirds were sampling multiple habitats (i.e. multiple water depths over multiple bottom substrates) within a given site. Our results suggest that integrating seabird data with data on juvenile fish abundance can produce a more holistic index to proxy spatio-temporal variability in juvenile fish recruitment. In other words, seabird studies can provide additional information not captured by fish surveys and help resource managers better understand local patterns of fish recruitment at the community level. This will help resource managers establish realistic expectations for how quickly fish populations should change within individual MPAs.
机译：少年招募是海洋保护区（MPA）变化的重要决定因素。了解招聘率的时空变化将有助于管理人员为各个MPA中的人口和社区水平变化率设定切合实际的期望。在这里，我们询问海鸟觅食率是否可以用作与MPA管理相关的空间尺度上幼鱼募集的代理。我们调查了南加州三个岛屿和四个大陆MPA内外的六种食鱼性海鸟的觅食率，并将这些率与同一两年（2012年和2013年）在相同地点进行的海带森林调查中幼鱼密度的估计值进行了比较。 。在这两年中，岛上和大陆场所的幼鱼群落主要由三个科：Embiotocidae，Labridae和Pomacentridae组成。此外，2013年大多数地点都有年幼的石鱼（Sebastidae科）的涌入。在区域（大约15-30 km）范围内海鸟和鱼类的分布相似，但在特定地点则较小规模。特定地点的差异反映了单个海鸟物种的饮食和觅食习惯的差异。尽管鱼类调查特定于海带森林栖息地，但海鸟正在给定地点采样多个栖息地（即在多个底部基质上的多个水深）。我们的结果表明，将海鸟数据与幼鱼丰度数据相结合可以产生更全面的指标来替代幼鱼招募中的时空变异性。换句话说，海鸟研究可以提供鱼类调查未捕获的其他信息，并帮助资源管理者更好地了解社区一级鱼类招募的本地模式。这将有助于资源管理者就各个MPA中鱼类种群的变化速度建立现实的期望。

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