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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology >Variations in crab claw morphology and diet across contrasting inter-tidal habitats
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Variations in crab claw morphology and diet across contrasting inter-tidal habitats

机译：不同潮间生境之间蟹爪形态和饮食的变化

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Crabs are important predators of inter-tidal ecosystems, controlling the abundance and distribution of their prey populations. Often the same crab species occupies several habitats and, although their effects on prey have been quantified across habitats, crabs' dietary and morphological responses to differing environmental influences have been overlooked. Here, we used the crabs Eriphia verrucosa and Pachygrapsus marmoratus as model species to examine differences in claw morphometry - size and wear - and diet between rocky shore and heterogeneous sand flat habitats. We predicted that, intra-specifically, crabs from rocky shores would consume more hard-shelled prey owing to their high availability and consequently, would display chelipeds with the following claw characteristics: a higher degree of claw damage, stronger musculature (higher propel height) and increased mechanical advantage (defined as the ratio of input lever length to output lever length) than crabs in the heterogeneous sand flat habitats. Sampling was performed in heterogeneous sand flat habitats and rocky shores of the Central Portuguese coast. For each crab species, carapace width, diet composition and several claw morphometric measures were recorded, revealing significant intra-specific differences (using multivariate analysis) between shore types. We found that E.verrucosa and P.marmoratus consumed more hard prey on rocky shore than on sand flat habitats, which resulted in rocky shore crabs having more accentuated dentition wear and larger musculature than their sand flat habitat counterparts. We suggest that the strong response of crab claw morphometry to environmentally induced diet variations is an important mechanism in the successful adaptation of crab species to inhabit differing habitats. A major implication is that the impact of the same species on prey may vary largely with habitat type as a result of predation efficiency varying with claw condition.
机译：螃蟹是潮间带生态系统的重要掠食者，它们控制着猎物种群的数量和分布。通常，相同的螃蟹物种会占据多个栖息地，尽管它们对猎物的影响已在各个栖息地中进行了量化，但人们忽略了螃蟹对不同环境影响的饮食和形态反应。在这里，我们使用螃蟹Eriphia verrucosa和Pachygrapsus marmoratus作为模型物种，研究了多岩石的海岸和异质沙质生境之间的爪形形态-大小和磨损-饮食的差异。我们预测，特别是在岩岸上，螃蟹由于其高可用性而会消耗更多带壳的猎物，因此，它们会显示出具有以下爪子特征的鹅卵石：爪子受损程度更高，肌肉组织更强（推进高度更高）并且在异质沙质生境中比螃蟹具有更大的机械优势（定义为输入杠杆长度与输出杠杆长度的比率）。在葡萄牙中部海岸的异质沙地生境和多岩石的海岸进行采样。对于每种螃蟹物种，记录了甲壳的宽度，日粮组成和几种爪的形态测量指标，揭示了沿岸类型之间的种内差异显着（使用多元分析）。我们发现，在岩石海岸比平沙栖息地消耗的大肠巨蟹和海螯虾消耗更多的坚硬猎物，这导致岩石岸蟹比平沙栖息地的齿齿磨损更明显，肌肉组织也更大。我们建议，蟹爪形态对环境引起的饮食变化的强烈反应是成功使​​蟹种适应不同栖息地的重要机制。一个主要的暗示是，由于捕食效率随爪的状况而变化，同一物种对猎物的影响可能随生境类型而有很大不同。

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