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首页> 外文期刊>Marine Environmental Research >The distribution of benthic foraminifera in Bel Torrente submarine cave (Sardinia, Italy) and their environmental significance
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The distribution of benthic foraminifera in Bel Torrente submarine cave (Sardinia, Italy) and their environmental significance

机译：Bel Torrente海底洞穴（意大利撒丁岛）底栖有孔虫的分布及其环境意义

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摘要

The use of benthic foraminifera as ecological indicators in submarine caves of temperate seas have never been studied before and it represents a new approach, verified by this research. The Bel Torrente submarine cave (Gulf of Orosei, Sardinia, Italy) was surveyed by GUE (Global Underwater Explorers) scuba divers in order to georeferencing the cave before positioning the sampling stations, from the entrance to 430 m inside the cave. A total of 15 water samples were collected to investigate abiotic parameters (temperature, salinity, pH) while 15 sediment samples were collected to analyze grain size and benthic foraminifera. Benthic foraminifera, investigated for the first time in a submarine cave of temperate areas, were exclusively found from the entrance to 300 m inside the cave. Species distribution and assemblage diversity have been found to be correlated to the environmental gradient towards the inner cave, mainly due to the decreasing of temperature and salinity and the increasing of the flow energy. Water acidification seems responsible for the transition from a calcareous hyaline dominated assemblage to an agglutinant-dominated one, occurring between 120 and 150 m from the entrance. Common taxa of the Sardinian coastal marine area are present only close to the entrance of the cave, while species found in the inner part are nearly exclusively epifaunal clinging/attached or infaunal taxa, with tolerance for wide variability of environmental parameters, such as Gavelinopsis praegeri, and opportunist infaunal taxa such as Eggerella advena. The agglutinant taxa found in the cave are conversely very rare in coastal marine assemblages of the area. This suggests a very efficient dispersal mechanism for the colonization of the caves, involving probably juvenile foraminifera at a "propagule" stage.
机译：以前从未研究过将底栖有孔虫作为生态指标在温带海底海底洞穴中的应用，它代表了一种新的方法，这一研究证实了这一点。贝尔托伦特海底洞穴（意大利撒丁岛奥罗塞海湾）由GUE（全球水下探险家）的潜水员进行了调查，目的是对洞穴进行地理定位，然后再定位采样站（从入口到洞穴内部430 m）。总共收集了15个水样本以研究非生物参数（温度，盐度，pH），同时收集了15个沉积物样本以分析粒度和底栖有孔虫。首次在温带海底洞穴中进行调查的底栖有孔虫仅在洞穴内部300 m的入口处发现。已经发现，物种分布和组合多样性与朝向内部洞穴的环境梯度有关，这主要是由于温度和盐度的下降以及流动能的增加。水的酸化似乎是导致钙质透明质组合从入口进入120至150 m的过渡过程。撒丁岛沿海海域的普通分类群仅在洞穴入口附近存在，而内部的物种几乎完全是表生依附/附着的或不完整的分类群，对环境参数的广泛变异具有耐受力，例如Gavelinopsis praegeri以及机会主义的无用分类单元，例如Eggerella advena。相反，在该地区的沿海海洋群中，在洞穴中发现的凝集类群非常罕见。这表明了一种非常有效的散布洞穴定居的扩散机制，可能在“繁殖”阶段涉及到有孔虫。

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