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首页> 外文期刊>Marine policy >Habitat mapping of the Atlantic bluefin tuna derived from satellite data: Its potential as a tool for the sustainable management of pelagic fisheries
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Habitat mapping of the Atlantic bluefin tuna derived from satellite data: Its potential as a tool for the sustainable management of pelagic fisheries

机译：根据卫星数据得出的大西洋蓝鳍金枪鱼的生境图：其作为中上层渔业可持续管理工具的潜力

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The feeding and spawning habitats of the overfished Atlantic bluefin tuna (BFT) are mapped in the Mediterranean Sea and used in the present proposal for selecting restricted fishing grounds. The feeding habitat is mainly traced by oceanic fronts of satellite-derived temperature and chlorophyll while the spawning habitat is mostly characterized by an important heating of surface waters. The proposal recommends opening the fishery in feeding areas in case the BFT stock is low (current situation). Only spawning areas at its latest stage could be opened once the stock has recovered to its optimum yield. Due to the possible concentration of fishing vessels if fishing areas are restricted (e.g. four-fold increase with a 1/16th restriction of the Mediterranean Sea) the inspection activities could be better targeted. Identified spawning grounds, opened or closed to fishing, could also be particularly monitored by control operations. Within the authorized areas, the habitat maps would guide fishermen to the favourable habitat reducing their costs. The habitat guided management could be able to adapt the spatial and temporal distribution of the effort to the requirements of both the fisheries' control and the resource. Its implementation is likely to protect the stock (a) by apparently decreasing illegal fishing which accounts in the recent years for more than 1/3rd of total catches, (b) by protecting the spawners to ensure a suitable recruitment and (c) by distributing the effort to respect the population structure. The first species studied is the emblematic bluefin tuna which is at high risk of collapse due to overfishing. The approach is a priori transposable to other epipelagic species of commercial importance.
机译：过度捕捞的大西洋蓝鳍金枪鱼（BFT）的取食和产卵栖息地已在地中海绘制了地图，并在本提案中用于选择限制捕鱼区。觅食生境主要由卫星温度和叶绿素的海洋前沿追踪，而产卵生境的主要特征是对地表水的重要加热。该建议建议在BFT存量低的情况下（当前情况）在饲养区开放渔业。一旦种群恢复到最佳产量，就只能打开最新阶段的产卵区。由于如果捕鱼区域受到限制（例如增加四倍，而地中海限制为1/16），则渔船可能会集中，检查活动可能会更有针对性。识别出的产卵场，可以打开或关闭捕鱼，也可以通过控制操作进行特别监视。在授权区域内，栖息地图将引导渔民到有利的栖息地，从而降低其成本。栖息地指导管理能够使工作量的时空分布适应渔业控制和资源的要求。实施该计划很可能会保护种群（a）明显减少近年来非法捕捞量，非法捕捞占近总捕捞量的1/3，（b）保护产卵者以确保适当的捕捞，以及（c）通过分配尊重人口结构的努力。研究的第一个物种是标志性的蓝鳍金枪鱼，由于过度捕捞，其崩溃的风险很高。该方法可先验地转移到具有商业重要性的其他表皮物种上。

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