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Adaptive Governance: The proposed port expansion in the Cayman Islands and its impacts to coral reefs

机译：自适应治理：开曼群岛的拟议港口扩张及其对珊瑚礁的影响

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Increasingly, governments are implementing infrastructure modernization projects that expand shallow water ports adjacent to coral reefs. Preliminary evidence suggests port expansion causes significant coral mortality. Supporters argue that without such projects, economic competitiveness, job numbers, and revenue streams will decline. The Cayman Islands are proceeding with a controversial port expansion project that has escalated into a major environmental policy dispute, triggering an unprecedented people's-initiated referendum. This paper analyzes this policy dispute, asking how coral reef governance is changing because of the proposed port expansion in the Cayman Islands? This research finds evidence for adaptive Caymanian governance occurring in four ways. First, the port dispute is causing Caymanian institutions to be significantly changed by both pro- and anti-port stakeholders. Second, because of institutional changes, space for private companies to impact decision-making is increasing, contested by civil society. Third, non-state actors, such as civil society and the private sector, are significantly shaping public discourse. Fourth, participatory democratic processes, led by civil society, are emerging in new ways. In environmental policy contexts, changes in governance can include changing institutions and expanded participation opportunities for stakeholders. There is a tacit assumption that such changes are positive normative transformations in government. The Cayman Islands port dispute shows that increased stakeholder participation in decision-making may unintentionally allow outsized roles for private interests to erode institutions and undermine public policy. A robust and active civil society can contest these changes, unlocking democratic inroads to influence decision-making.
机译：越来越多地，政府正在实施基础设施现代化项目，将毗邻珊瑚礁的浅水港。初步证据表明港口扩张会导致大量的珊瑚死亡率。支持者争辩说，没有这样的项目，经济竞争力，工作号，收入流会下降。开曼群岛正在进行一个有争议的港口扩张项目，该项目升级为一个重大的环境政策纠纷，触发了一个前所未有的人发起的公民投票。本文分析了这一政策纠纷，提出珊瑚礁治理如何改变，因为拟议的开曼群岛港口扩张？这项研究发现了以四种方式发生的适应性Caymanian治理的证据。首先，港口纠纷导致开曼机构都受到反港和反港利益相关者的大大改变。其次，由于机构变迁，私营公司的空间会影响决策正在增加，由民间社会争辩。第三，非国家行为者，如民间社会和私营部门，都在大大塑造公众话语。第四，民间社会领导的参与式民主程序正在以新的方式出现。在环境政策背景下，治理的变化可以包括不断变化的机构和扩大利益攸关方的参与机会。假设这种变化是政府的积极规范转变。开曼群岛港口争端表明，增加的利益相关者参与决策可能无意地允许私人利益侵蚀机构和破坏公共政策的不同作用。强大而活跃的民间社会可以对这些变化进行争议，解锁民主进球以影响决策。

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