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Comparing the efficiency of alliance members and independent liner carriers: a metafrontier analysis

机译：比较联盟成员和独立班轮公司的效率：元前沿分析

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The liner shipping market is dominated by a few global carriers. The great majority of them have joined forces in strategic alliances while some others are opting to operate independently. This study aims to identify the effect on efficiency of participating in an alliance. The period 2010-2012 has been examined. The leading carriers are divided into two groups: independents and alliance members. We apply the metafrontier approach to further decompose the Malmquist productivity index. The results indicate that independent carriers outperformed alliance members in 2010; their independence was helpful in increasing space utilisation when demand was sufficient (in 2010). However, in the following 2 years, the opposite was true, indicating that alliance members had higher flexibility in terms of adjusting surplus capacity by cooperating with other carriers when the imbalance between supply and demand was serious (in the period from 2011 to 2012). The difference in efficiency between the two groups was shown to be statistically significant. These results support the recent trend towards stronger strategic alliances, from the perspective of higher efficiency.
机译：班轮运输市场由一些全球承运人主导。他们中的大多数已经结成战略联盟，而另一些人则选择独立运作。本研究旨在确定对加入联盟效率的影响。审查了2010-2012年期间。领先的运营商分为两组：独立成员和联盟成员。我们应用元边界方法进一步分解Malmquist生产率指数。结果表明，独立运营商在2010年的表现优于联盟成员。当需求充足时（2010年），它们的独立性有助于提高空间利用率。但是，在接下来的两年中，情况恰恰相反，这表明在供需失衡严重的时候（2011年至2012年），联盟成员在通过与其他承运人合作来调整剩余能力方面具有更高的灵活性。两组之间的效率差异被证明具有统计学意义。从更高的效率的角度来看，这些结果支持了最近加强战略联盟的趋势。

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