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Speed optimization versus speed reduction: Are speed limits better than a bunker levy?

机译：速度优化与速度降低：速度限制是否比燃油附加费更好？

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摘要

The purpose of this paper is to shed some light on the speed limit debate, and specifically to look into whether reducing speed by imposing a speed limit is better than achieving the same by imposing a bunker levy. This debate, along with the various issues of speed optimization versus speed reduction, is currently ongoing at the International Maritime Organization (IMO), in the quest to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from ships. In that context, "speed optimization" and "speed reduction" have been included in the set of candidate short-term measures under discussion at the IMO. However, there is much confusion on what either speed optimization or speed reduction may mean, and some stakeholders have proposed mandatory speed limits as a measure to achieve GHG emissions reductions. To investigate this issue, the speed limit option is compared with the option of reducing speed via a bunker levy. The latter option is not under immediate discussion at the IMO, to be potentially included in the set of medium-term measures. The main result of the paper is that the speed limit option exhibits a number of deficiencies as an instrument aiming to reduce GHG emissions, at least vis-a-vis the bunker levy option.
机译：本文的目的是阐明有关限速的争论，尤其是研究通过施加限速来降低速度是否比施加燃油费来实现速度限制更好。国际海事组织（IMO）目前正在进行这场辩论以及速度优化与速度降低的各种问题，以期减少船舶的温室气体（GHG）排放。在这种情况下，“速度优化”和“速度降低”已被包括在国际海事组织正在讨论的一组候选短期措施中。但是，对于速度优化或速度降低可能意味着什么存在很多困惑，一些利益相关者提出了强制性速度限制作为实现温室气体减排的一种措施。为了研究此问题，将“速度限制”选项与通过“燃油费”降低速度的选项进行了比较。国际海事组织没有立即讨论后一种选择，因此有可能将其纳入一套中期措施中。本文的主要结果是，限速方案作为旨在减少温室气体排放的一种手段，至少与燃油附加费方案相比存在许多缺陷。

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