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首页> 外文期刊>Materials Science and Engineering >Residual stress state in an induction hardened steel bar determined by synchrotron- and neutron diffraction compared to results from lab-XRD
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Residual stress state in an induction hardened steel bar determined by synchrotron- and neutron diffraction compared to results from lab-XRD

机译：同步淬火和中子衍射确定的感应淬火钢筋中的残余应力状态与lab-XRD的结果进行比较

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Induction hardening is a relatively rapid heat treatment method to increase mechanical properties of steel components. However, results from FE-simulation of the induction hardening process show that a tensile stress peak will build up in the transition zone in order to balance the high compressive stresses close to the surface. This tensile stress peak is located in the transition zone between the hardened zone and the core material. The main objective with this investigation has been to non-destructively validate the residual stress state throughout an induction hardened component. Thereby, allowing to experimentally confirming the existence and magnitude of the tensile stress peak arising from rapid heat treatment. For this purpose a cylindrical steel bar of grade C45 was induction hardened and characterised regarding the microstructure, hardness, hardening depth and residual stresses. This investigation shows that a combined measurement with synchrotroneutron diffraction is well suited to non-destructively measure the strains through the steel bar of a diameter of 20 mm and thereby making it possible to calculate the residual stress profile. The result verified the high compressive stresses at the surface which rapidly changes to tensile stresses in the transition zone resulting in a large tensile stress peak. Measured stresses by conventional lab-XRD showed however that at depths below 1.5 mm the stresses were lower compared to the synchrotron and neutron data. This is believed to be an effect of stress relaxation from the layer removal. The FE-simulation predicts the depth of the tensile stress peak well but exaggerates the magnitude compared to the measured results by synchrotroneutron measurements. This is an important knowledge when designing the component and the heat treatment process since this tensile stress peak will have great impact on the mechanical properties of the final component.
机译：感应淬火是一种相对快速的热处理方法，可以提高钢部件的机械性能。但是，感应淬火过程的有限元模拟结果表明，为了平衡靠近表面的高压缩应力，拉伸应力峰将在过渡区中建立。该拉伸应力峰位于硬化区和芯材之间的过渡区。这项研究的主要目的是非破坏性地验证整个感应淬火组件的残余应力状态。由此，可以通过实验确认由快速热处理引起的拉伸应力峰的存在和大小。为此，对C45级圆柱钢进行了感应淬火，并就微观结构，硬度，硬化深度和残余应力进行了表征。这项研究表明，同步加速器/中子衍射的组合测量非常适合非破坏性地测量直径为20 mm的穿过钢筋的应变，从而可以计算残余应力曲线。结果证实了在表面上的高压缩应力，其在过渡区域中迅速变为拉伸应力，从而导致大的拉伸应力峰值。然而，通过传统的Lab-XRD测量的应力表明，在低于1.5 mm的深度处，应力比同步加速器和中子数据要低。认为这是由于层去除引起的应力松弛的效果。 FE模拟可以很好地预测拉伸应力峰值的深度，但与同步加速器/中子测量的测量结果相比，会夸大幅度。这是设计零件和热处理工艺时的重要知识，因为此拉伸应力峰值将对最终零件的机械性能产生重大影响。

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