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Mechanisms of short crack propagation in austenitic-ferritic duplex steel

机译：奥氏体-铁素体双相钢中短裂纹扩展的机理

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摘要

For applications requiring both high strength and high corrosion resistance, austenitic-ferritic duplex steels are often the material of choice. In this study, cyclic deformation experiments were performed on the austenitic-ferritic duplex stainless steel 1.4462. By measuring the crack opening and crack sliding displacement in situ in a scanning electron microscope, the characteristics of the different crack propagation mechanisms in the two phases are determined. In the ferritic phase, two different appearances of short cracks can be observed, one exhibiting a very smooth and the other one a rather rough surface crack path. Electron backscatter diffraction measurements on the crack-containing grains in addition with high resolution imaging of the topography of the crack flanks reveal that contrary to common assumptions in the literature, short cracks in ferrite do not propagate via single slip. Instead, two different slip systems with an identical slip direction, but different slip planes, are activated. In this context, the specific appearance of different crack paths can be explained with the orientation of the respective grains. Furthermore, a model for discontinuous crack propagation especially of rough cracks in ferrite is developed. Finally, a correlation between the crack propagation rate and the plastic deformation of the crack tip is revealed and the possibility of determining the barrier effect of grain and phase boundaries via the measurement of the plastic deformation of the crack tip is investigated.
机译：对于既要求高强度又要求高耐蚀性的应用场合，通常选择奥氏体-铁素体双相钢。在这项研究中，对奥氏体-铁素体双相不锈钢1.4462进行了循环变形实验。通过在扫描电子显微镜中原位测量裂纹的开度和裂纹的滑动位移，可以确定两相中不同裂纹扩展机制的特性。在铁素体相中，可以观察到两种不同形式的短裂纹，一种表现出非常光滑，另一种表现出相当粗糙的表面裂纹路径。对含裂纹的晶粒进行电子背散射衍射测量，以及对裂纹侧面的形貌进行高分辨率成像，结果表明，与文献中的通常假设相反，铁素体中的短裂纹不会通过单滑移传播。而是激活两个具有相同滑动方向但具有不同滑动平面的不同滑动系统。在这种情况下，可以通过各个晶粒的取向来解释不同裂纹路径的特定外观。此外，建立了一个不连续裂纹扩展模型，特别是铁素体中粗裂纹的不连续扩展模型。最后，揭示了裂纹扩展速率与裂纹尖端塑性变形之间的相关性，并研究了通过测量裂纹尖端塑性变形来确定晶界和相界的势垒效应的可能性。

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