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Microstructure-based prediction of thermal aging strength reduction factors for grade 91 ferritic-martensitic steel

机译：基于微观结构的91级铁素体 - 马氏体钢的热老化强度降低因子预测

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This study aimed to develop a microstructure-based mechanistic approach to address the long-term thermal aging effect on yield stress and ultimate tensile strength and to provide a physical basis for developing thermal aging factors for G91 for a design life of 60 years. Several heats of G91 steel were examined. Controlled aging experiments were conducted on two heats at temperatures of 550, 600, and 650 °C for times up to ～64,000 h. Specimens were also taken from archived creep-tested specimens of G91 and from a tube removed from the Kingston coal-fired power plant to obtain data that cover a wide range of temperatures and for aging times up to 155,000 h. Thermal aging caused significant subgrain recovery, coarsening of M_(23)C_6 carbides at subgrain boundaries and MX carbonitrides within subgrains. The intermetallic Laves phase forms during aging and grows rapidly. The growth rate of the subgrain width and MX mean size during thermal aging were described by kinetic models. Thermal aging results in the reductions in the yield stress and the ultimate tensile strength of G91. The effects of thermal aging on the reductions in yield stress and ultimate tensile strength were well described by the microstructure-strength model that considers three superimposed strengthening mechanisms, namely, sub-boundary strengthening, MX precipitation hardening, and Mo solid solution strengthening. The model was independently validated by the ASME Code values and is being used by the ASME to develop the aging-induced strength reduction factors for G91 steel for a design life of 60 years.
机译：本研究旨在开发一种基于微观结构的机制方法，以解决长期热老化对屈服应力和最终拉伸强度的影响，并为设计寿命为60岁的设计寿命，为G91的散热因子提供物理基础。检查了G91钢的几个热量。在550,600和650℃的温度下的两个热量下进行受控老化实验，持续至64,000小时。 Specimens也取自G91的存档蠕变试样，并从从金士顿燃煤发电厂中取出的管子，以获得覆盖各种温度的数据，并且用于高达155,000小时的老化时间。热老化引起了显着的粒子回收，在亚胍基边界和Mx碳氮化物中粗化M_（23）C_6碳化物。在老化期间形成金属间疏浚，并且迅速增长。动力学模型描述了热老化期间粒宽度和MX平均尺寸的生长速率。热老化导致屈服应力和G91的最终拉伸强度的降低。热老化对屈服应力和最终拉伸强度的减少的影响是通过考虑三个叠加的强化机制的微观结构 - 强度模型，即亚边界强化，MX沉淀硬化和MO固溶体强化的微观结构 - 强度模型很好地描述。该模型由ASME代码值独立验证，ASME正在使用，以开发G91钢的老化强度降低因子，以实现60年的设计寿命。

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