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Electrically conducting fibres for e-textiles: An open playground for conjugated polymers and carbon nanomaterials

机译：电子纺织用导电纤维：共轭聚合物和碳纳米材料的开放式运动场

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摘要

Conducting fibres and yarns promise to become an essential part of the next generation of wearable electronics that seamlessly integrate electronic function into one of the most versatile and most widely used form of materials: textiles. This review explores the many types of conducting fibres and yarns that can be realised with conjugated polymers and carbon materials, including carbon black, carbon nanotubes and graphene. We discuss how the interplay of materials properties and the chosen processing technique lead to fibres with a wide range of electrical and mechanical properties. Depending on the choice of conjugated polymer, carbon nanotube, graphene, polymer blend, or nanocomposite the electrical conductivity can vary from less than 10−3to more than 103 S cm−1, accompanied by an increase in Young’s modulus from 10 s of MPa to 100 s of GPa. Further, we discuss how conducting fibres can be integrated into electronic textiles (e-textiles) through e.g. weaving and knitting. Then, we provide an overview of some of the envisaged functionalities, such as sensing, data processing and storage, as well as energy harvesting e.g. by using the piezoelectric, thermoelectric, triboelectric or photovoltaic effect. Finally, we critically discuss sustainability aspects such as the supply of materials, their toxicity, the embodied energy of fibre and textile production and recyclability, which currently are not adequately considered but must be taken into account to ready carbon based conducting fibres for truly practical e-textile applications.
机译：导电纤维和纱线有望成为下一代可穿戴电子设备的重要组成部分，这些电子设备将电子功能无缝集成到一种最通用，使用最广泛的材料形式中：纺织品。这篇评论探讨了共轭聚合物和碳材料（包括炭黑，碳纳米管和石墨烯）可以实现的多种类型的导电纤维和纱线。我们讨论了材料特性和所选加工技术之间的相互作用如何导致具有广泛电气和机械特性的纤维。根据共轭聚合物，碳纳米管，石墨烯，聚合物共混物或纳米复合材料的选择，电导率可从小于10-3到大于103 S cm-1，并且杨氏模量从MPa的10 s增加到GPa为100 s。此外，我们讨论了如何通过例如导电纤维将导电纤维集成到电子纺织品（电子纺织品）中。编织和编织。然后，我们概述了一些设想的功能，例如传感，数据处理和存储，以及能量收集，例如。通过使用压电，热电，摩擦电或光伏效应。最后，我们批判性地讨论了可持续性方面，例如材料的供应，其毒性，纤维​​和纺织品生产的内在能量以及可回收性，目前尚未充分考虑这些问题，但为真正实用的碳基导电纤维而必须考虑这些因素-纺织品应用。

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