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Thin-film semiconductor perspective of organometal trihalide perovskite materials for high-efficiency solar cells

机译：高效太阳能电池有机金属三卤化物钙钛矿材料的薄膜半导体观点

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摘要

Organometal trihalide perovskites (OTPs) are arising as a new generation of low-cost active materials for solar cells with efficiency rocketing from 3.5% to over 20% within only five years. From "dye" in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) to "hole conductors" and "electron conductors" in mesoscopic heterojunction solar cells, there has been a dramatic conceptual evolution on the function of OTPs in photovoltaic devices. OTPs were originally used as dyes in Gratzel cells, achieving a high efficiency above 15% which, however, did not manifest the excellent charge transport properties of OTPs. An analogy of OTPs to traditional semiconductors was drawn after the demonstration of highly efficient planar heterojunction structure OTP devices and the observation of their excellent bipolar transport properties with a large diffusion length exceeding 100 nm in CH_3NH_3PbI_3 (MAPbI_3) polycrystalline thin films. This review aims to provide the most recent advances in the understanding of the origin of the high OTP device efficiency. Specifically, we will focus on reviewing the progress in understanding (1) the characterization of fantastic optoelectronic property of OTPs, (2) the unusual defect physics that originate the optoelectronic property, (3) morphology control of the perovskite film from fabrication process and film post-treatment, (4) device interface and charge transport layers that dramatically impact device efficiency in the OTP thin-film devices, (5) photocurrent hysteresis, (6) tandem solar cells and (7) stability of the perovskite materials and solar cell devices.
机译：有机金属三卤化物钙钛矿（OTP）作为新一代低成本的太阳能电池活性材料而出现，其效率在短短五年内从3.5％飙升至20％以上。从染料敏化太阳能电池（DSSC）中的“染料”到介观异质结太阳能电池中的“空穴导体”和“电子导体”，OTP在光伏设备中的功能已发生了引人注目的概念演变。 OTP最初用作Gratzel细胞中的染料，实现了15％以上的高效率，但是，这并没有表现出OTP优异的电荷传输性能。在演示了高效的平面异质结结构OTP器件并观察了其出色的双极传输特性后，在CH_3NH_3PbI_3（MAPbI_3）多晶薄膜中具有超过100 nm的大扩散长度的出色的双极传输特性，得出了与传统半导体类似的OTP。这篇综述旨在提供最新的进展，以了解高OTP设备效率的起因。具体来说，我们将重点回顾以下方面的研究进展：（1）OTPs出色的光电特性的表征；（2）引发光电特性的异常物理现象；（3）钙钛矿薄膜从制造工艺和薄膜的形态控制后处理，（4）大大影响OTP薄膜器件中器件效率的器件界面和电荷传输层，（5）光电流滞后，（6）串联太阳能电池和（7）钙钛矿材料和太阳能电池的稳定性设备。

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  • 来源
    《Materials Science & Engineering》 |2016年第3期|1-38|共38页
  • 作者

    Zhengguo Xiao; Yongbo Yuan; Qi Wang; Yuchuan Shao; Yang Bai; Yehao Deng; Qingfeng Dong; Miao Hu; Cheng Bi; Jinsong Huang;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering and Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0526, USA;

    Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering and Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0526, USA;

    Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering and Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0526, USA;

    Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering and Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0526, USA;

    Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering and Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0526, USA;

    Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering and Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0526, USA;

    Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering and Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0526, USA;

    Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering and Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0526, USA;

    Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering and Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0526, USA;

    Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering and Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0526, USA;

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  • 关键词

    Organometal trihalide perovskites; Optoelectronic property; Solar cells; Efficiency enhancement; Morphology control; Photocurrent hysteresis; Stability;

    机译：有机金属三卤化物钙钛矿;光电特性;太阳能电池;效率提升;形态控制;光电流滞后;稳定性;

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