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Friction, wear and mechanical behavior of nano-objects on the nanoscale

机译：纳米级物体的摩擦，磨损和力学行为

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摘要

Nano-objects are used in various applications where they come into sliding contact with each other and the surfaces where they are used. This can lead to nano-object deformation. Some examples of these applications include drug delivery for cancer treatment, oil detection, contaminant removal, catalysis, and tribology on the macro- to nanoscale. Fundamental understandings of friction and wear of nano-objects, mechanical properties, and deformation mechanisms have been gained through studies. These examined friction mechanisms in nano-object(s) contact sliding on dry and submerged-in-liquid surfaces, sliding on a single nano-object, and mechanical behavior. Nano-object friction studies used an atomic force microscope. Single nano-object contact studies (lateral-push) provide understanding of friction mechanisms, showing friction is influenced by real area of contact, roughness, and work of adhesion. Friction is lower in liquid environments versus dry environments. Contact studies of multiple nano-objects investigate whether several nano-objects reduce friction and wear between sliding surfaces as a result of lower contact area. Further studies on single nano-object friction reveal dependence on topography, scale, and material. Mechanical behavior studies investigate deformation during indentation and compression. Indentation studies investigate scale effects on hardness and Young's modulus. Compression studies investigate reverse plasticity and deformation resistance. This comprehensive study review assists understanding of fundamental interfacial interactions and deformation mechanisms. Studies reported use gold nano-objects, molybdenum disulfide and tungsten disulfide multi-walled nanotubes, and carbon nanohorns, which are of general interest.
机译：纳米物体用于各种应用场合，它们相互之间以及使用它们的表面发生滑动接触。这可能导致纳米物体变形。这些应用的一些示例包括用于癌症治疗，油脂检测，污染物去除，催化和宏观到纳米级摩擦学的药物输送。通过研究，人们对纳米物体的摩擦和磨损，机械性能以及变形机理有了基本的了解。这些研究的纳米物体的摩擦机理包括接触在干燥和浸入液体的表面上滑动，在单个纳米物体上滑动以及机械行为。纳米物体摩擦研究使用原子力显微镜。单个纳米物体接触研究（横向推动）提供了对摩擦机理的理解，表明摩擦受实际接触面积，粗糙度和粘附功的影响。与干燥环境相比，液体环境中的摩擦力更低。多个纳米物体的接触研究研究了多个纳米物体是否由于较低的接触面积而减少了滑动表面之间的摩擦和磨损。对单个纳米物体摩擦的进一步研究揭示了对地形，尺度和材料的依赖性。机械行为研究调查压痕和压缩过程中的变形。压痕研究研究了鳞片对硬度和杨氏模量的影响。压缩研究研究反向塑性和抗变形性。这份全面的研究综述有助于理解基本的界面相互作用和变形机理。研究报告称，人们普遍关注使用金纳米物体，二硫化钼和二硫化钨多壁纳米管以及碳纳米角。

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