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Materials properties measurements and particle beam interactions studies using electrostatic levitation

机译：使用静电悬浮法进行材料性能测量和粒子束相互作用研究

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Electrostatic levitation; Materials processing; Supercooling; Nucleation; Thermophysical properties measurement; Atomic dynamics%Electrostatic levitators have been around for more than 30 years and have become mature tools for the material science community. Originally developed as positioners for materials and fluid science experiments in space, they saw a myriad of offsprings throughout the world for ground-based research, not only in space agencies but also in governmental laboratories, in universities and in the industry. Electrostatic levitators eliminate any physical contact with a container allowing to process and study corrosive or high temperature materials in their solid or liquid phases. Moreover, heterogeneous contamination from the container being avoided, it is possible to reach and maintain supercooled and metastable phases. This, in turns, permits a host of fundamental and applied studies. The nucleation and solidification phenomena can be scrutinized, the atomic structure and dynamic of liquid and metastable phases can be probed and the physics of molten drops could be investigated. On a more applied standpoint, the measure of thermophysical properties and the synthesis of materials with new properties are also possible with current facilities. This paper first describes the principle of electrostatic levitation and retraces the development of various facilities throughout the world, focusing on the advances made by each research group. The capabilities of electrostatic levitation for materials processing and synthesis under different environments are then presented. The paper successively covers in length its contribution for the measurements of thermophysical properties and for fundamental studies using high energy particle beams. Finally, the outlook of electrostatic levitators and its attractiveness for space experiments in materials sciences are discussed.
机译：静电悬浮；材料加工；过冷成核；热物理性质测量；原子动力学％静电悬浮剂已经存在了30多年，并且已经成为材料科学界的成熟工具。他们最初是作为太空中的材料和流体科学实验的定位器而开发的，它们不仅在太空机构而且在政府实验室，大学和工业界中看到了无数后代用于地面研究。静电悬浮剂消除了与容器的任何物理接触，从而可以处理和研究固态或液相的腐蚀性或高温材料。而且，避免了来自容器的异质污染，有可能达到并保持过冷和亚稳相。反过来，这允许进行大量的基础研究和应用研究。可以检查成核和凝固现象，可以探测液相和亚稳态的原子结构和动力学，并可以研究熔滴的物理性质。从更实用的角度来看，使用现有设备也可以测量热物理性质和合成具有新性质的材料。本文首先介绍静电悬浮的原理，并着重介绍每个研究小组的进展，回顾世界各地各种设施的发展。然后介绍了静电悬浮在不同环境下用于材料加工和合成的能力。该论文在长度上依次涵盖了其对热物理性质的测量以及使用高能粒子束进行基础研究的贡献。最后，讨论了静电悬浮剂的前景及其在材料科学中对空间实验的吸引力。

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  • 来源
    《Materials Science & Engineering》 |2014年第2期|1-53|共53页
  • 作者

    Paul-Francois Paradis; Takehiko Ishikawa; Geun-Woo Lee; Dirk Holland-Moritz; Juergen Brillo; Won-Kyu Rhim; Junpei T. Okada;

  • 作者单位

    Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Tsukuba Space Center, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan ,INO, Remote Sensing Group, 2740 Einstein, Quebec, Quebec G1P 4S4, Canada ,INO, Remote Sensing Group, 2740 Einstein, Quebec, Quebec G1P 4S4, Canada;

    Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Tsukuba Space Center, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan;

    Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, 267 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-340, Republic of Korea ,Department of Science of Measurement, University of Science and Technology, Daejon, 305-333, Republic of Korea;

    Institut fuer Materialphysik im Weltraum, Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), 51170 Koeln, Germany;

    Institut fuer Materialphysik im Weltraum, Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), 51170 Koeln, Germany;

    California Institute of Technology, Materials Science Department, Mail Stop 138-78, Pasadena, CA 91125, United States;

    Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Tsukuba Space Center, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan ,Japan Science and Technology Agency, Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan;

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