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Methodology of materials discovery in complex metal hydrides using experimental and computational tools

机译:使用实验和计算工具在复杂金属氢化物中发现材料的方法

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摘要

We present a review of the experimental and theoretical methods used in the discovery of new metal-hydrogen materials systems for hydrogen storage applications. Rather than a comprehensive review of all new materials and methods used in the metal hydride community, we focus on a specific subset of successful methods utilizing theoretical crystal structure prediction methods, computational approaches for screening large numbers of compound classes, and medium-throughput experimental methods for the preparation of such materials. Monte Carlo techniques paired with a simplified empirical Hamiltonian provide crystal structure candidates that are refined using density functional theory. First-principle methods using high-quality structural candidates are further screened for an estimate of reaction energetics, decomposition enthalpies, and determination of reaction pathways. Experimental synthesis utilizes a compacted-pellet sintering technique under high-pressure hydrogen at elevated temperatures. Crystal structure determination follows from a combination of Rietveld refinements of diffraction patterns and first-principles computation of total energies and dynamical stability of competing structures. The methods presented within are general and applicable to a wide class of materials for energy storage.
机译:我们对用于储氢应用的新型金属-氢材料系统的发现中使用的实验和理论方法进行综述。我们没有对金属氢化物领域中使用的所有新材料和方法进行全面综述,而是着重于利用理论晶体结构预测方法,筛选大量化合物类别的计算方法以及中通量实验方法的成功方法的特定子集。用于制备此类材料。蒙特卡洛技术与简化的经验哈密顿量相结合,可提供使用密度泛函理论精炼的晶体结构候选物。进一步筛选了使用高质量结构候选物的第一性原理,以估计反应能,分解焓和确定反应路径。实验合成是在高压氢气和高温下利用紧密球团烧结技术。晶体结构的确定是结合衍射图案的Rietveld精炼和竞争结构的总能量和动力学稳定性的第一性原理计算而来的。此处介绍的方法是通用的,适用于各种各样的能量存储材料。

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