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Recent developments in stainless steels

机译：不锈钢的最新发展

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摘要

This article presents an overview of the developments in stainless steels made since the 1990s. Some of the new applications that involve the use of stainless steel are also introduced.rnA brief introduction to the various classes of stainless steels, their precipitate phases and the status quo of their production around the globe is given first. The advances in a variety of subject areas that have been made recently will then be presented. These recent advances include (1) new findings on the various precipitate phases (the new J phase, new orientation relationships, new phase diagram for the Fe-Cr system, etc.); (2) new suggestions for the prevention/mitigation of the different problems and new methods for their detection/measurement and (3) new techniques for surface/bulk property enhancement (such as laser shot peening, grain boundary engineering and grain refinement). Recent developments in topics like phase prediction, stacking fault energy, superplasticity, metadynamic recrystallisation and the calculation of mechanical properties are introduced, too. In the end of this article, several new applications that involve the use of stainless steels are presented. Some of these are the use of austenitic stainless steels for signature authentication (magnetic recording), the utilisation of the cryogenic magnetic transition of the sigma phase for hot spot detection (the Sigmaplugs), the new Pt-enhanced radiopaque stainless steel (PERSS) coronary stents and stainless steel stents that may be used for magnetic drug targeting.rnBesides recent developments in conventional stainless steels, those in the high-nitrogen, low-Ni (or Ni-free) varieties are also introduced. These recent developments include new methods for attaining very high nitrogen contents, new guidelines for alloy design, the merits/demerits associated with high nitrogen contents, etc.
机译：本文概述了自1990年代以来不锈钢的发展情况。还介绍了涉及不锈钢使用的一些新应用。首先，简要介绍各种类型的不锈钢，它们的沉淀相以及其在全​​球的生产现状。然后将介绍最近在各个学科领域取得的进展。这些最新进展包括：（1）关于各种析出相的新发现（新的J相，新的取向关系，Fe-Cr系统的新相图等）； （2）预防/缓解不同问题的新建议以及检测/测量新方法的方法，以及（3）增强表面/本体性能的新技术（例如激光喷丸强化，晶界工程和晶粒细化）。还介绍了相预测，堆垛层错能，超塑性，超动力重结晶和力学性能计算等主题的最新进展。在本文的最后，介绍了涉及不锈钢使用的几种新应用。其中一些是使用奥氏体不锈钢进行签名验证（磁记录），利用sigma相的低温磁性转变进行热点检测（Sigmaplugs），新的增强Pt的不透射线不锈钢（PERSS）支架和可用于磁性药物靶向的不锈钢支架。除了传统不锈钢的最新发展，还介绍了高氮，低镍（或无镍）品种的不锈钢。这些最新进展包括获得非常高的氮含量的新方法，合金设计的新准则，与高氮含量相关的优缺点等。

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  • 来源
    《Materials science and engineering》 |2009年第6期|39-104|共66页
  • 作者

    K.H. Lo; C.H. Shek; J.K.L. Lai;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China Department of Electromechanical Engineering, The University of Macau, Macau, China Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of Macau, Av. Padre Tomas Pereira S.J., Taipa;

    Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;

    Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    stainless steel; high-nitrogen stainless steel; recent developments;

    机译：不锈钢;高氮不锈钢;最近的发展;

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