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Novel cold cathode materials and applications

机译：新型冷阴极材料及其应用

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Field emission (FE) is based on the physical phenomenon of quantum tunneling, in which electrons are injected from the surface of materials into vacuum under the influence of an applied electric field. A variety of field emission cold cathode materials have been developed to date. In this review, we shall focus on several kinds of novel cold cathode materials that have been developed in the past decade. These include materials for microfabricated field-emitter arrays, diamond and related films, carbon nanotubes, other quasi one-dimensional nanomaterials and printable composite materials. In addition, cold cathode materials have a wide range of applications such as in flat panel displays, high-power vacuum electronic devices, microwave-generation devices, vacuum microelectronic devices and vacuum nanoelectronic devices. Applications are in consumer goods, military industries and also space technology. A comprehensive overview of the various applications is presented. Recently, recognizing the strong possibility that vacuum nanoelectronic devices using quasi one-dimensional nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes may emit electrons with driving voltages comparable to that of a solid-state device, there is a growing interest in novel applications of such devices. With such exciting opportunities, there is now a flurry of activities to explore applications far beyond those considered for the conventional hot cathodes that operate on thermionic emission. We shall discuss the details of a number of fascinating potential applications.
机译：场发射（FE）基于量子隧穿的物理现象，其中，在施加的电场的影响下，电子从材料表面注入到真空中。迄今为止，已经开发了多种场发射冷阴极材料。在本文中，我们将重点介绍过去十年中开发的几种新型冷阴极材料。这些材料包括用于微制造场发射器阵列的材料，金刚石和相关膜，碳纳米管，其他准一维纳米材料和可印刷复合材料。另外，冷阴极材料具有广泛的应用，例如在平板显示器，大功率真空电子器件，微波发生器件，真空微电子器件和真空纳米电子器件中。应用在消费品，军事工业以及太空技术中。介绍了各种应用的全面概述。近来，认识到使用准一维纳米材料的真空纳米电子器件（例如碳纳米管）可能以与固态器件相当的驱动电压发射电子，因此人们对这种器件的新颖应用越来越感兴趣。有了这样令人兴奋的机会，现在有大量的活动来探索应用，而这些应用远远超出了以热电子发射为基础的传统热阴极所考虑的应用。我们将讨论许多引人入胜的潜在应用程序的细节。

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