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Damage evaluation in freezing and thawing test of concrete by elastic-wave methods

机译：弹性波法在混凝土冻融试验中的损伤评估

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摘要

In the freezing and thawing test of concrete, elastic-wave methods are applied to estimate the frost damage nondestructively. Recently, two test methods are proposed in the RILEM recommendation. The alternative method A is based on the ultrasonic test, which measures the transmission time of the longitudinal wave (P wave), while the alternative method B measures the resonant frequencies of vibrations. With relation to these methods, evaluation of the frost damage by the elastic-wave methods is studied, focusing on the dynamic modulus of elasticity. The freezing and thawing tests were conducted by employing concrete samples after 1 year curing. As a result, the samples were not heavily damaged even after 300 cycles. Concerning the resonant frequencies of concrete samples, a three-dimensional analysis is performed by the boundary element method to identify actual vibration modes. It is clarified that an assumption of the one-dimensional resonant vibration is not applicable, resulting in a false discrepancy between the dynamic modulus and the static modulus of elasticity. It is found that relative modulus obtained from P-wave velocity is comparable to that from the tangential modulus of elasticity in the compression　test, and is reasonably recommended to estimate the frost damage nondestructively.
机译：在混凝土的冻融试验中，采用弹性波法无损地估计了霜冻的破坏。最近，RILEM建议中提出了两种测试方法。替代方法A基于超声波测试，该超声波测量纵向波（P波）的传输时间，而替代方法B测量振动的共振频率。关于这些方法，研究了弹性波方法对霜冻破坏的评估，重点是动态弹性模量。固化一年后，通过使用混凝土样品进行冷冻和融化测试。结果，即使经过300次循环，样品也不会受到严重损坏。关于混凝土样品的共振频率，通过边界元方法进行了三维分析，以确定实际的振动模式。明确的是，一维共振振动的假设是不适用的，从而导致动态弹性模量和静态弹性模量之间存在错误的差异。结果表明，在压缩试验中，由纵波速度获得的相对模量与由切向弹性模量得到的相对模量相当，因此建议合理地无损估算霜冻破坏。

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