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Acoustic emission source location in complex structures using full automatic delta T mapping technique

机译：使用全自动delta T映射技术的复杂结构中的声发射源定位

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An easy to use, fast to apply, cost-effective, and very accurate non-destructive testing (NDT) technique for damage localisation in complex structures is key for the uptake of structural health monitoring systems (SHM). Acoustic emission (AE) is a viable technique that can be used for SHM and one of the most attractive features is the ability to locate AE sources. The time of arrival (TOA) technique is traditionally used to locate AE sources, and relies on the assumption of constant wave speed within the material and uninterrupted propagation path between the source and the sensor. In complex structural geometries and complex materials such as composites, this assumption is no longer valid. Delta T mapping was developed in Cardiff in order to overcome these limitations; this technique uses artificial sources on an area of interest to create training maps. These are used to locate subsequent AE sources. However operator expertise is required to select the best data from the training maps and to choose the correct parameter to locate the sources, which can be a time consuming process. This paper presents a new and improved fully automatic delta T mapping technique where a clustering algorithm is used to automatically identify and select the highly correlated events at each grid point whilst the "Minimum Difference" approach is used to determine the source location. This removes the requirement for operator expertise, saving time and preventing human errors. A thorough assessment is conducted to evaluate the performance and the robustness of the new technique. In the initial test the results showed excellent reduction in running time as well as improved accuracy of locating AE sources, as a result of the automatic selection of the training data. Furthermore, because the process is performed automatically, this is now a very simple and reliable technique due to the prevention of the potential source of error related to manual manipulation.
机译：易于使用，快速应用，具有成本效益且非常准确的非破坏性测试（NDT）技术来对复杂结构中的损伤进行定位是采用结构健康监测系统（SHM）的关键。声发射（AE）是一种可行的技术，可用于SHM，最吸引人的功能之一是能够定位AE源。传统上，到达时间（TOA）技术用于定位AE源，它依赖于材料内恒定波速以及源与传感器之间不间断传播路径的假设。在复杂的结构几何形状和复杂的材料（例如复合材料）中，此假设不再有效。为了克服这些限制，在加的夫开发了Delta T映射。该技术使用感兴趣区域上的人工资源创建训练图。这些用于定位后续的AE源。但是，需要操作员的专业知识才能从培训地图中选择最佳数据，并选择正确的参数来定位源，这可能是一个耗时的过程。本文提出了一种新的和改进的全自动delta T映射技术，其中使用聚类算法自动识别和选择每个网格点上的高度相关事件，同时使用“最小差异”方法确定源位置。这消除了对操作员专业知识的需求，从而节省了时间并避免了人为错误。进行了彻底的评估，以评估新技术的性能和鲁棒性。在初始测试中，由于自动选择了训练数据，结果显示运行时间大大减少，并且定位AE源的精度提高了。此外，由于该过程是自动执行的，因此，由于避免了与手动操作有关的潜在错误源，因此这是一种非常简单且可靠的技术。

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