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Enhanced ground-based vibration testing for aerodynamic environments

机译：针对空气动力学环境的增强型地面振动测试

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Typical methods of replicating aerodynamic environments in the laboratory are generally poor. A structure which flies "freely" in its normal operating environment, excited over its entire external surface by aerodynamic forces and in all directions simultaneously, is then subjected to a vibration test in the laboratory whilst rigidly attached to a high impedance shaker and excited by forces applied through a few attachment points and in one direction only. The two environments could hardly be more different. The majority of vibration testing is carried out at commercial establishments and it is understandable that little has been published which demonstrates the limitations with the status quo. The primary objective of this research is to do just that with a view to identifying significant improvements in vibration testing in light of modern technology. In this paper, case studies are presented which highlight some of the limitations with typical vibration tests showing that they can lead to significant overtests, sometimes by many orders of magnitude, with the level of overtest varying considerably across a wide range of frequencies. This research shows that substantial benefits can be gained by "freely" suspending the structure in the laboratory and exciting it with a relatively small number of electrodynamic shakers using Multi-Input-Multi-Output (MIMO) control technology. The shaker configuration can be designed to excite the modes within the bandwidth utilising the inherent amplification of the resonances to achieve the desired response levels. This free-free MIMO vibration test approach is shown to result in substantial benefits that include extremely good replication of the aerodynamic environment and significant savings in time as all axes are excited simultaneously instead of the sequential X, Y and Z testing required with traditional vibration tests. In addition, substantial cost savings can be achieved by replacing some expensive large shaker systems with a few relatively small shaker systems.
机译：在实验室中复制空气动力学环境的典型方法通常很差。在正常工作环境中“自由飞行”的结构，在整个外表面受到空气动力并同时在所有方向上受到激发，然后在实验室中经受振动测试，同时牢固地连接到高阻抗振荡器上并受到力激发通过几个连接点且仅在一个方向上应用。两种环境几乎没有什么不同。大部分振动测试都是在商业机构进行的，可以理解的是，很少有出版物可以证明现状的局限性。这项研究的主要目的是为了根据现代技术确定振动测试的重大改进。在本文中，案例研究突出了典型振动测试的一些局限性，表明它们可能导致显着的过测试，有时会导致许多数量级，并且过测试的水平在很宽的频率范围内变化很大。这项研究表明，通过使用多输入多输出（MIMO）控制技术，在实验室中“自由地”悬挂结构并使用相对较少数量的电动振动台来激发结构，可以获得实质性的好处。可以将振动器配置设计为利用共振的固有放大来激发带宽内的模式，以达到所需的响应水平。事实证明，这种免费的MIMO振动测试方法具有巨大的优势，其中包括空气动力学环境的极佳复制，并且由于同时激发所有轴而大大节省了时间，而不是传统振动测试所需的顺序X，Y和Z测试。另外，通过用一些相对较小的振动筛系统代替一些昂贵的大型振动筛系统，可以节省大量成本。

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