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首页> 外文期刊>Mechatronics, IEEE/ASME Transactions on >Underwater 3-D Spatial Attenuation Characteristics of Electromagnetic Waves With Omnidirectional Antenna
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Underwater 3-D Spatial Attenuation Characteristics of Electromagnetic Waves With Omnidirectional Antenna

机译：全向天线电磁波的水下3-D空间衰减特性

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摘要

In this paper, an underwater 3-D spatial attenuation model of electromagnetic waves is proposed to establish a position recognition system in underwater 3-D space using distance estimation. The distance estimation is based on signal attenuation characteristics of electromagnetic waves radiated through several omnidirectional antennas. Positions in underwater environments have been predominantly estimated by an ultrasonic position recognition system using travel time and phase difference. However, such a system provides inaccurate estimation on account of the multipath effect in a structured environment or complex environment with many obstacles. A position estimation method that uses signal attenuation of electromagnetic waves has been proposed to overcome this limitation. That method can precisely estimate position on a structured 2-D plane. In this paper, an existing underwater position estimation system based on electromagnetic waves is expanded into 3-D space using the Friis formula and plane wave equation, thereby classifying attenuation characteristics of electromagnetic waves into the effects of medium, radiation, and antenna. These effects are summarized to deduce the signal attenuation characteristics of electromagnetic waves in 3-D space. In addition, the relative position (, , ) and attitude (, , ) of transceiver antennas are used to define a coordinate system for 3-D estimation; moreover, an attenuation model is defined for individual factors in the coordinate system. A generalized att- nuation model of an omnidirectional antenna in 3-D space is presented, and the validity of the proposed model is demonstrated through experiments. Based on the results, the proposed model demonstrates the potential application to an omnidirectional antenna and expansion into an attenuation model based on the 3-D position between random antennas.
机译：为了建立水下3-D空间中的位置识别系统，本文提出了一种水下电磁波3-D空间衰减模型。距离估计基于通过几个全向天线辐射的电磁波的信号衰减特性。水下环境中的位置主要由使用行程时间和相位差的超声波位置识别系统估算。但是，由于结构化环境或具有许多障碍的复杂环境中的多径效应，这种系统提供的估计不准确。为了克服该限制，已经提出了使用电磁波的信号衰减的位置估计方法。该方法可以精确估计结构化二维平面上的位置。在本文中，将现有的基于电磁波的水下位置估计系统使用Friis公式和平面波方程扩展到3-D空间，从而将电磁波的衰减特性分类为介质，辐射和天线的影响。总结这些效应以推断3-D空间中电磁波的信号衰减特性。另外，收发器天线的相对位置（，，）和姿态（，，）用于定义3-D估计的坐标系；此外，为坐标系中的各个因素定义了一个衰减模型。提出了一种3-D空间全向天线的通用衰减模型，并通过实验证明了该模型的有效性。基于结果，所提出的模型展示了在全向天线上的潜在应用以及基于随机天线之间的3-D位置扩展为衰减模型的能力。

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