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首页> 外文期刊>Michigan Academician >A Comparison of Scientific and Literary Perceptions of Pre-European Settlement Forests in Michigan
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A Comparison of Scientific and Literary Perceptions of Pre-European Settlement Forests in Michigan

机译：密歇根州前欧洲定居森林的科学和文学知觉比较

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摘要

In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Americans viewed pre-European settlement forests as untouched preserves of large trees and abundant wildlife. Scientists have been testing this view of pre-European settlement forests for the past 75 years, and the idealized image does not match the historical data. Witness trees and bearing trees from the original land surveys record a dynamic pre-European settlement forest with disturbances creating a mosaic of old-growth, mature stands; juvenile forests; and open grasslands across the landscape. Although today's scientists have changed their perceptions of pre-European settlement forests, most literary descriptions either continue to reflect an idealized view of a dense primeval forest or describe an environment similar to present-day forest conditions. As environmental policy from the early twentieth century has shown, policymakers are often more persuaded by literature and art than by scientific publications. Until there is a closer match between science and literature or until scientists make a concerted effort to communicate to a nonscientific audience, forest policy will continue to be influenced by inaccurate ideals of pre-European settlement forests.
机译：在19世纪末和20世纪初，美国人将欧洲前殖民地森林视为未受破坏的大型树木和丰富的野生动植物保护区。在过去的75年中，科学家一直在测试这种对欧洲前定居森林的看法，理想化的图像与历史数据不符。原始土地调查中的见证树和轴承树记录了充满动感的欧洲前定居森林，这些森林受到干扰，形成了老式的，成熟的林分；少年森林；并在整个草地上开阔草地。尽管当今的科学家已经改变了他们对欧洲前定居森林的认识，但大多数文学著作要么继续反映出对茂密原始森林的理想化看法，要么描述了一种类似于当今森林状况的环境。正如二十世纪初的环境政策所表明的那样，政策制定者通常对文学和艺术的说服力胜于对科学出版物的说服力。除非科学与文学之间有更紧密的匹配，或者直到科学家做出一致的努力以与非科学的听众进行交流，否则森林政策将继续受到欧洲前殖民地森林理念不正确的影响。

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