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Socrates' Practical Reply to the Learner's Paradox in the Meno

机译：苏格拉底对《梅诺》中学习者悖论的实用回复

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摘要

In Meno 80d4, an exasperated Meno, "bewitched," "beguiled," and "numbed" by Socrates' dialectical torpedoes, confronts Socrates with the famous "learner's paradox," in an attempt to derail Socrates' inquiry about what virtue (arete) is (and what objective truths are generally) by means of dialectical discussion. Briefly, the paradox is that a man cannot search either for what he knows or for what he does not know, because if he knows he doesn't need to search, while if he doesn't know he won't recognize his quarry when he comes upon it. So, Meno suggests, there's no purpose in going on with the dialectical search. In reply, Socrates introduces the doctrine of recollection to explain how it is that someone can identify the object of the definitional search, yet not already know what that object is: the "learner" has been exposed to the object of his search in a previous existence, but does not now remember it well enough to call it to mind without the aid of a dialectical reminder.
机译：在《梅诺80d4》中，被苏格拉底的辩证鱼雷“迷住”，“被迷惑”和“麻木”的愤怒的梅诺与苏格拉底面对着著名的“学习者悖论”，以试图使苏格拉底对什么美德（诚恳）的质疑脱轨。是通过辩证性讨论（以及客观真理通常是什么）。简而言之，自相矛盾的是，一个人无法搜索他所知道的或他所不知道的东西，因为如果他知道他不需要搜索，而如果他不知道他将不会认出他的采石场，他来了。因此，梅诺建议，进行辩证搜索是没有目的的。作为回应，苏格拉底引入了回忆学说，以解释某人可以识别定义搜索的对象，却还不知道该对象是什么：“学习者”在上一章中已经暴露于其搜索对象。存在，但现在还没有很好地记住它，以至于在没有辩证性提醒的帮助下将其记入脑海。

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