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Smoothing voter: a novel voting algorithm for handling multiple errors in fault-tolerant control systems

机译:平滑投票器:一种新颖的投票算法,用于处理容错控制系统中的多个错误

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摘要

Voting algorithms are used to arbitrate between variant results in a wide range of highly dependable real-time control applications. These applications include N-Modular Redundant hardware systems and diversely designed software systems based on N-Version Programming. The most sophisticated and complex voting algorithms can even tolerate malicious (or Byzantine) variant errors. Voting algorithms can be implemented in either hardware or software depending on the characteristics of the application and the type of voter selected. The behaviour of voting algorithms in multiple error scenarios is considered in this article. Complete disagreement is defined as those cases where no two variant results are the same. A novel algorithm for real-time control applications, the smoothing voter, is introduced and its behaviour compared with three previously published voters. Software implemented error-injection tests, reported here, show that the smoothing voter achieves a compromise between the result selection capabilities of the median voter and the safety features of the majority voter. The smoothing voter is an appropriate voter for applications in which maximising the number of correct outputs and minimising the number of benign errors of the system is the main concern, and a slight degradation in safety can be tolerated.
机译:投票算法用于在各种高度可靠的实时控制应用程序的不同结果之间进行仲裁。这些应用程序包括N-Modular Redundant硬件系统和基于N-Version编程的多样化设计的软件系统。最复杂,最复杂的投票算法甚至可以容忍恶意(或拜占庭)变量错误。可以根据应用程序的特性和所选投票者的类型,以硬件或软件方式实施投票算法。本文考虑了投票算法在多种错误情况下的行为。完全不同意是指没有两个变体结果相同的情况。介绍了一种用于实时控制应用的新颖算法,即平滑投票器,并将其行为与之前发布的三个投票器进行了比较。报告在此处的软件实施的错误注入测试表明,平滑的投票者在中间投票者的结果选择功能与多数投票者的安全性之间取得了折衷。平滑投票器是最适合的应用程序,其中最大的正确输出数量和最小的系统良性错误数量是主要考虑因素,并且可以容忍安全性略有下降。

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