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Miniaturised active integrated antennas: a co-design approach

机译：小型有源集成天线：一种协同设计方法

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摘要

A co-design methodology for antenna miniaturisation with an integrated radio frequency (RF) amplifier is proposed for power-efficient and compact RF front-ends. This approach relaxes the standalone antenna matching requirement which is of interest in miniaturised antenna design. The detailed design and measurement procedure is presented and the concept is demonstrated with two examples for both narrowband and wideband scenarios considering transmitting and receiving front-ends. The amplifiers and the antennas are co-designed so that optimum performance is achieved in terms of gain, noise figure and efficiency. The antenna has the size of 0.033λ at 2.45 GHz. It is miniaturised from its natural resonance frequency of 3.5–2.45 GHz which provides 51% of size reduction. The minimum bandwidth of the integrated antenna is found to be 37 and 150 MHz, respectively, for the narrowband and wideband designs. The active integrated antenna (AIA) efficiency is more than 47% when operating in the band of 2.45–2.6 GHz. The gain and noise figure of the AIA systems are optimised along with the antenna performance and found to be >10 dB and <2 dB, respectively. Measurement results are presented which are in well agreement with the design procedure and simulations.
机译：针对具有功率效率和紧凑的RF前端，提出了一种用于天线小型化和集成射频（RF）放大器的协同设计方法。这种方法放宽了独立天线匹配的要求，这在小型化天线设计中很重要。给出了详细的设计和测量过程，并通过考虑发送和接收前端的窄带和宽带方案的两个示例，演示了该概念。放大器和天线是共同设计的，因此可以在增益，噪声系数和效率方面实现最佳性能。天线在2.45 GHz处的大小为0.033λ。它的固有共振频率为3.5–2.45 GHz，从而使其尺寸减小了51％，从而使其小型化。对于窄带和宽带设计，集成天线的最小带宽分别为37 MHz和150 MHz。在2.45–2.6 GHz频段内工作时，有源集成天线（AIA）的效率超过47％。对AIA系统的增益和噪声系数以及天线性能进行了优化，发现分别> 10 dB和<2 dB。给出的测量结果与设计过程和仿真非常吻合。

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