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Russian Federation

机译:俄罗斯联邦

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Area: 17,075,200 sq.km; 8% arable, 5% meadows and pastures, 45% forest and woodland, 42% other. Coastline: 37,653km. Maritime claims: Territorial waters 24km (12nm), EEZ 370km (200nm), continental shelf -200m or to depth of exploitation. Population: 139,390,205 (July 2010 est.); annual growth rate -0.465% (2010 est.). The population is 81.5% Russian, 3.8% Tatar, 3% Ukrainian, 1.2% Chuvash, 0.9% Bashkir, 0.8% Byelorussian, 0.7% Moldavian, 8.1% other. Religions: Majority Russian Orthodox, Muslim 10- 15%, other Christian 2% (2006 est.) Language: Russian (official), other. Literacy rate: 98%. Long-form or legal name: Russian Federation (Rossiiskya Federatsiya). Type of government: Federation. Strong Presidental system. Administrative divisions: 49 districts foblasts), 1 autonomous district, 21 republics, 10 autonomous territories (okrugs), 2 federal cities. Legal system: based on civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts. Branches of government: President elected by popular vote; Prime Minister and Cabinet appointed by the President with legislative approval; bicameral legislative (178-seat Council of the Federation, 450-seat State Duma); judiciary headed by Constitutional Court. The President appoints the Prosecutor General and the judges of the main law courts, subject to approval by the Council of the Federation. Suffrage: Universal over age 18. Member of: UN, CIS, OSCE, "Partnership for Peace" (special status), Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) and other. An "Union Treaty" with Belarus calls for very close economic, political and military cooperation ties between the two countries. "Founding Act on Mutual Relations, Co-operation and Security" with NATO. Signatory of the Adapted CFE Treaty, but participation suspended as of December 2007.
机译:面积:17,075,200平方千米耕地8%,草地和牧场5%,森林和林地45%,其他42%。海岸线:37,653公里。海事索赔:领水24公里(12海里),专属经济区370公里(200海里),大陆架-200m或开采深度。人口:139,390,205(2010年7月估计);年增长率-0.465%(2010 est。)。人口是81.5%的俄罗斯人,3.8%的塔塔尔人,3%的乌克兰人,1.2%的楚瓦什人,0.9%的巴什基尔人,0.8%的白俄罗斯人,0.7%的摩尔达维亚人,其他8.1%。宗教:俄罗斯东正教占多数,穆斯林占10-15%,其他基督教徒占2%(2006年估计)。语言:俄语(官方),其他。识字率:98%。长格式或法定名称:俄罗斯联邦(Rossiiskya Federatsiya)。政府类型:联邦。强大的总统制度。行政区划:49个州,1个自治区,21个共和国,10个自治领地(okrugs),2个联邦城市。法律制度:基于大陆法系;立法行为的司法审查。政府部门:总统经普选产生;由总统任命并经立法批准的总理和内阁;双院制立法(联邦席位为178个理事会,杜马州为450个席位);由宪法法院领导的司法机构。总统任命总检察长和主要法院的法官,但须经联邦理事会批准。选举权:18岁以上的普通民众。成员:联合国,独联体,欧安组织,“和平伙伴关系”(特殊身份),上海合作组织(SCO)等。与白俄罗斯签署的《联盟条约》要求两国之间建立非常密切的经济,政治和军事合作关系。与北约的“相互关系,合作与安全基础法”。改编的《欧洲常规武器条约》的签署国,但自2007年12月起暂停参加。

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    《Military technology》 |2011年第1期|p.227-234|共8页
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