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Ceramics Research and Development

机译：陶瓷研发

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Military vehicles were manufactured traditionally from expensive, heavy, high-strength armour plate steel. Modern ceramic composites are the new non-structural armour for combat vehicles. Major advantages are its significantly lower cost and greater protection and weight reduction of more than 50 per cent. MT sheds a light on the most important ceramic materials today for ballistic protection. Thanks to their ability to resist very high temperatures, hardness far greater than metals and their possession of some of the highest strength-and stiffness-to-weight ratios of any materials, ceramics are commonly used in engine coatings, missile and rocket components, specialised transparencies and armour, which remain the dominant military applications. This is to expand significantly, however, as R&D efforts around the world find novel ways of adding ductility and other desirable mechanical properties by combining them with reinforcing fibres in Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMCs). Also, new processing methods promise repeatable production of high-quality, very tough transparencies in complex shapes and large dimensions from materials that transmit both IR and visible wavelengths. Furthermore, creating new material architectures using na-notechnology promises materials that are strong and light, resist very high temperatures and chemical attack and are virtually unbreakable at the same time, a set of properties today considered mutually exclusive and, naturally, extremely attractive for military applications.
机译：传统上，军用车辆是由昂贵，笨重，高强度的铠装钢板制成的。现代陶瓷复合材料是用于作战车辆的新型非结构装甲。其主要优点是它的成本大大降低，保护效果更强，重量减轻了50％以上。 MT阐明了当今最重要的防弹陶瓷材料。由于陶瓷具有极高的耐高温能力，硬度远高于金属，并且具有某些材料中最高的强度和刚度重量比，因此陶瓷常用于发动机涂料，导弹和火箭等特种材料透明和盔甲，仍然是主要的军事应用。然而，随着世界范围内的研发努力找到了将延性和其他理想的机械性能与陶瓷基复合材料（CMC）中的增强纤维结合起来的新颖方法，这种方法将大大扩展。而且，新的加工方法有望通过透射红外和可见光波长的材料，以复杂的形状和大尺寸重复生产高质量，高韧性的透明胶片。此外，使用na-notechnology创建新的材料架构可保证材料坚固，轻巧，耐高温和化学侵蚀，同时几乎坚不可摧，而如今被认为具有互斥性的一组特性自然对军事具有极大的吸引力应用程序。

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