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Practical Applications as a Source of Credibility: A Comparison of Three Fields of Dutch Academic Chemistry

机译：实用应用程序作为可信度的来源：荷兰学术化学三个领域的比较

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摘要

In many Western science systems, funding structures increasingly stimulate academic research to contribute to practical applications, but at the same time the rise of bibliometric performance assessments have strengthened the pressure on academics to conduct excellent basic research that can be published in scholarly literature. We analyze the interplay between these two developments in a set of three case studies of fields of chemistry in the Netherlands. First, we describe how the conditions under which academic chemists work have changed since 1975. Second, we investigate whether practical applications have become a source of credibility for individual researchers. Indeed, this turns out to be the case in catalysis, where connecting with industrial applications helps in many steps of the credibility cycle. Practical applications yield much less credibility in environmental chemistry, where application-oriented research agendas help to acquire funding, but not to publish prestigious papers or to earn peer recognition. In biochemistry practical applications hardly help in gaining credibility, as this field is still strongly oriented at fundamental questions. The differences between the fields can be explained by the presence or absence of powerful upstream end-users, who can afford to invest in academic research with promising long term benefits.
机译：在许多西方科学系统中，资金结构越来越多地刺激学术研究为实际应用做出贡献，但同时，文献计量绩效评估的兴起也加剧了学者进行能够发表在学术文献中的优秀基础研究的压力。我们在荷兰化学领域的三个案例研究中分析了这两个发展之间的相互作用。首先，我们描述了自1975年以来学术化学家的工作条件如何发生变化。其次，我们研究了实际应用是否已成为个人研究人员的信誉来源。的确，在催化过程中就是这种情况，在催化过程中，与工业应用程序的连接有助于信誉周期的许多步骤。实际应用在环境化学中的可信度要低得多，在这些应用中，面向应用的研究议程有助于获得资金，但不能发表著名的论文或赢得同行的认可。在生物化学领域中，实际应用几乎无助于获得信誉，因为该领域仍然强烈关注基本问题。各个领域之间的差异可以用强大的上游最终用户的存在与否来解释，他们可以负担得起长期前景可观的学术研究投资。

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