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A Two-Layer Key Establishment Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks

机译：无线传感器网络的两层密钥建立方案

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摘要

In a large scale sensor network, it is infeasible to assign a unique Transport Layer Key (TLK) for each pair of nodes to provide the end-to-end security due to the huge memory cost per node. Thus conventional key establishment schemes follow a key pre-distribution approach to establish a Link Layer Key (LLK) infrastructure between neighboring nodes and rely on multi-hop paths to provide the end-to-end security. Their drawbacks include the vulnerability to the node compromise attack, large memory cost and energy inefficiency in the key establishment between neighboring nodes. In this paper, we propose a novel key establishment scheme, called LAKE, for sensor networks. LAKE uses a t-degree tri-variate symmetric polynomial to facilitate the establishment of both TLKs and LLKs between sensor nodes in a two-dimensional space, where each node can calculate direct TLKs and LLKs with some logically neighboring nodes and rely on those nodes to negotiate indirect TLKs and LLKs with other nodes. Any two end nodes can negotiate a TLK on demand directly or with the help of only one intermediate node, which can be determined in advance. As for the LLK establishment, LAKE is more secure under the node compromise attack with much less memory cost than conventional solutions. Due to the location-based deployment, LAKE is also energy efficient in that each node has direct LLKs with most neighbors without spending too much energy on the establishment of indirect LLKs with neighbors through multi-hop routing.
机译：在大型传感器网络中，由于每个节点的巨大内存成本，无法为每对节点分配唯一的传输层密钥（TLK）以提供端到端的安全性。因此，常规的密钥建立方案遵循密钥预分配方法，以在相邻节点之间建立链路层密钥（LLK）基础结构，并依靠多跳路径来提供端到端的安全性。它们的缺点包括易受节点攻击的攻击，较大的内存成本以及相邻节点之间密钥建立中的能源效率低下。在本文中，我们提出了一种新颖的密钥建立方案，称为LAKE，用于传感器网络。 LAKE使用t度三元对称多项式来促进在二维空间中的传感器节点之间建立TLK和LLK，其中每个节点可以使用逻辑上相邻的节点来计算直接TLK和LLK并依靠这些节点来与其他节点协商间接TLK和LLK。任何两个端节点都可以直接或仅在一个中间节点的帮助下按需协商TLK，这可以事先确定。至于LLK的建立，与传统解决方案相比，LAKE在节点危害攻击下更安全，而内存成本却低得多。由于基于位置的部署，LAKE也是节能的，因为每个节点都具有与大多数邻居的直接LLK，而无需花费过多的精力来通过多跳路由与邻居建立间接LLK。

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