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Modeling Alzheimer’s disease in transgenic rats

机译：在转基因大鼠中模拟阿尔茨海默氏病

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摘要

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. At the diagnostic stage, the AD brain is characterized by the accumulation of extracellular amyloid plaques, intracellular neurofibrillary tangles and neuronal loss. Despite the large variety of therapeutic approaches, this condition remains incurable, since at the time of clinical diagnosis, the brain has already suffered irreversible and extensive damage. In recent years, it has become evident that AD starts decades prior to its clinical presentation. In this regard, transgenic animal models can shed much light on the mechanisms underlying this “pre-clinical” stage, enabling the identification and validation of new therapeutic targets. This paper summarizes the formidable efforts to create models mimicking the various aspects of AD pathology in the rat. Transgenic rat models offer distinctive advantages over mice. Rats are physiologically, genetically and morphologically closer to humans. More importantly, the rat has a well-characterized, rich behavioral display. Consequently, rat models of AD should allow a more sophisticated and accurate assessment of the impact of pathology and novel therapeutics on cognitive outcomes.
机译：阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）是痴呆症最常见的形式。在诊断阶段，AD脑的特征是细胞外淀粉样斑块的积累，细胞内神经原纤维缠结和神经元丢失。尽管有各种各样的治疗方法，但这种情况仍然无法治愈，因为在临床诊断时，大脑已经遭受了不可逆转的广泛损害。近年来，很明显，AD在其临床表现之前已经开始了数十年。在这方面，转基因动物模型可以为“临床前”阶段的基础机制提供更多的信息，从而可以鉴定和验证新的治疗靶标。本文总结了在模拟大鼠AD病理各个方面的模型方面所做的巨大努力。转基因大鼠模型具有优于小鼠的独特优势。大鼠在生理，遗传和形态上与人类更接近。更重要的是，老鼠具有特征鲜明的行为表现。因此，AD的大鼠模型应允许对病理学和新疗法对认知结果的影响进行更复杂和准确的评估。

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