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首页> 外文期刊>Monthly Weather Review >Origin, Evolution, and Finescale Structure of the St. Valentine's Day Mesoscale Gravity Wave Observed during STORM-FEST. Part Ⅲ: Gravity Wave Genesis and the Role of Evaporation
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Origin, Evolution, and Finescale Structure of the St. Valentine's Day Mesoscale Gravity Wave Observed during STORM-FEST. Part Ⅲ: Gravity Wave Genesis and the Role of Evaporation

机译：STORM-FEST期间观测到的情人节情人节中尺度重力波的起源，演化和精细尺度结构。第三部分：重力波的产生和蒸发的作用

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摘要

On 14 February 1992, a long-lived moderate-amplitude mesoscale gravity wave formed in Kansas during the Storm-scale Operational and Research Meteorology-Fronts Experiment Systems Test (STORM-FEST). Wave formation was evident in correlated surface pressure and wind fields. The wave of depression, accompanied by a weak rainband, tracked across the state. A wealth of data was collected on the mature wave as it passed over the STORM-FEST dual-Doppler domain. However, the mechanism of genesis remained difficult to ascertain, since wave formation occurred in a region of less comprehensive observations. The genesis of the STORM-FEST gravity wave is successfully simulated using the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University-National Center for Atmospheric Research (Penn State-NCAR) Mesoscale Model (MM5), which was run at 6-km grid spacing in the innermost domain. The lee cyclone movement, dry airmass development, and gravity wave formation over Kansas were successfully captured by the model. Results presented here indicate that evaporative processes associated with a rainband resulted in subsidence warming and depression of the underlying warm-frontal inversion. The reduced inversion height produced surface pressure falls, the surface manifestation of a developing gravity wave. Numerical experiments with and without evaporative processes have isolated the key importance of evaporatively driven downdrafts in wave genesis. A conceptual model of the development and evolution of the wave is presented that is consistent with both observations and the findings of the numerical experiments.
机译：1992年2月14日，在风暴规模的作战和研究气象-前沿实验系统测试（STORM-FEST）期间，堪萨斯州形成了一个长寿命的中振幅中尺度重力波。在相关的表面压力和风场中明显形成了波。遍及全州的低潮伴随着薄弱的雨带。当它通过STORM-FEST双多普勒域时，在成熟波上收集了大量数据。然而，由于波的形成发生在较不全面的观测区域，因此仍难以确定其成因机制。使用第五代宾夕法尼亚州立大学-国家大气研究中心（Penn State-NCAR）中尺度模型（MM5）成功模拟了STORM-FEST重力波的发生，该模型在最里面以6公里的网格间距运行域。该模型成功捕获了回风旋风运动，干燥气团发育和堪萨斯上空的重力波形成。此处给出的结果表明，与雨带相关的蒸发过程导致了下沉变暖和下伏的暖锋逆温的降低。降低的反演高度产生的表面压力下降，重力波在表面表现出来。有和没有蒸发过程的数值实验已经隔离了波浪成因中蒸发驱动的向下气流的关键重要性。提出了波浪发展和演化的概念模型，该模型与观测值和数值实验的发现都一致。

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