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Strategies for offer generation and relaxation in fuzzy constraint-based negotiation models

机译：基于模糊约束的谈判模型中报价的产生和放松策略

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Fuzzy constraints have been used in several automated multi-attribute negotiation models. It is recognized that fuzzy constraints represent an efficient way of capturing requirements and preferences, and an useful mechanism for representing trade-offs. Most approaches are mainly focused on using constraints as a framework for describing preferences, and few works focus on using them as an element in the communication process itself in order to elaborate efficient negotiation strategies. This paper proposes and evaluates a set of strategies for offer generation and for the construction of offer relaxation requests in constraint-based negotiation models. To deploy the strategies, a fuzzy constraint based model for non-mediated bilateral automated purchase negotiations has been used. Fuzzy constraints are used both to represent preferences and to express offers. A set of locutions and decision mechanisms which trigger them are fully specified, where each agent may decide its degree of cooperation and its degree of expressiveness. Expressiveness is based on the propagation of constraints and relaxation requests. The paper analyzes which combination of different agents' attitudes allow to improve the negotiation processes. Experimental evaluation confirms the advantage of an expressive approach based on the propagation of constraints. In addition, this paper studies how applying a clustering algorithm to the seller's catalogue of products instead of managing single products may contribute to an improvement in the duration of the negotiation dialogues, and to a significant improvement on the utility of the deals that are achieved. These results support the usefulness of the proposed negotiation strategies.
机译：模糊约束已用于几种自动化的多属性协商模型中。公认的是，模糊约束表示捕获需求和偏好的有效方法，并且是表示折衷的有用机制。大多数方法主要集中于使用约束作为描述偏好的框架，而很少有工作着重于将它们用作沟通过程本身的要素，以阐述有效的谈判策略。本文提出并评估了一组基于约束的协商模型中的报价生成和报价放松请求构造策略。为了部署这些策略，已经使用了基于模糊约束的非中介双边自动购买谈判模型。模糊约束既用于表示偏好，又用于表示要约。完整说明了触发它们的一组果断和决策机制，每个代理可以在其中决定其合作程度和表达程度。表达能力基于约束条件和放松要求的传播。本文分析了不同代理人态度的哪些组合可以改善谈判过程。实验评估证实了基于约束传播的表达方法的优势。此外，本文研究了如何将聚类算法应用于卖方产品目录而不是管理单个产品，可能有助于改善谈判对话的持续时间，并显着改善所达成交易的效用。这些结果支持了所提议的谈判策略的有用性。

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